The asteroid hit where the Chicxulub village currently is. The ma.s.sive crater is on the southern edge of the gulf of Mexico, the part where it sticks out quite a bit.
The asteroid had to have weighed at least hundreds of billions of tons and hit the earth going at a speed of 80,000 kmh.
The energy it released is equal to 100 million nuclear bombs and it blasted a huge amount of extremely heated debrie into s.p.a.ce which would then down rain down periodically.
The dust released by the impact could have blocked out the sun for years.
There was also ma.s.sive volcanic activity at that time, which could have been just another side effect of the asteroids impact.
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The asteroid hit could be considered a lucky critical hit as only 13% of the Earth's surface is made up of rocks that could burn off that much soot and cause such an extreme global cooling. So that pretty much means that there was an 87% chance that the dinosaurs wouldn't have gone extinct. Or at least not almost all of them.
Lucky for us, they got unlucky.