=Morrison, Joseph Curran= (1816-1885). Born in Ireland. Came to Canada with his father. In 1839 called to the bar of Upper Canada; in 1843-1847 deputy clerk of the Executive Council of Canada; in 1847 elected for West York to the a.s.sembly; solicitor-general in the Hincks-Morin ministry, 1853-1854; a member of the Executive Council, 1856; and the same year receiver-general in the Tache-Macdonald administration.

Registrar of Toronto, 1859; solicitor-general in the Cartier-Macdonald ministry, 1860. Puisne judge of the Court of Common Pleas, 1862; judge in the Court of Queen's Bench, 1863; judge of the Court of Appeal, 1877, which position he filled until his death. =Index=: =E= Solicitor-general, West, in Hincks-Morin ministry, 1853, 126. =B= His connection with the contempt of court case against George Brown, 249-254; solicitor-general under Hincks, and a colleague of John A.

Macdonald, 250. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._ and _Last Forty Years_; Read, _Lives of the Judges_.

=Morrison, Thomas David.= =Mc= Defends Joseph Hume, 263; aids Mackenzie's pet.i.tion, 310; aids Lower Canada, 330; refuses to sign "Declaration of Independence," 331; at Doel's brewery, 346; his conduct explained, 350; joins Rebellion movement, 357. =Bib.=: Dent, _Upper Canadian Rebellion_.

=Morse, Colonel.= =S= Recommends union of British North American provinces, 4.

=Moss, Sir Charles= (1840- ). Born in Cobourg, Ontario. Studied law and called to the bar of Ontario, 1869. Lecturer and examiner to the Law Society, 1872-1879; bencher, 1880; Q. C., 1881; vice-chancellor of the University of Toronto, 1900-1906; judge of the Court of Appeal, 1897; chief justice of Ontario, 1902. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Canadian Who's Who_.

=Moss, Thomas= (1836-1881). Born in Cobourg, Ontario. Educated at Gale's Inst.i.tute, Upper Canada College, Toronto, and at the University of Toronto; graduated with triple first-cla.s.s honours and gold medals in cla.s.sics, mathematics, and modern languages. Studied law and called to the bar of Upper Canada, 1861. For a time lecturer in equity at Osgoode Hall, and registrar of the University of Toronto. Bencher of the Law Society, 1871; Q. C., 1872; member of the Law Reform Commission, 1875.

Sat in the House of Commons for West Toronto, 1873-1875. Appointed judge of the Court of Appeal, 1875; chief justice of Ontario, 1877.

Vice-chancellor of the University of Toronto, 1874. Died in Nice, France. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._; Read, _Lives of the Judges_.

=Motin.= =Ch= Author of an ode to Champlain, 72.

=Mouet de Moras de Langlade, Charles de= (1729-1800). =WM= With band of Indians crosses Montmorency, and attacks English, 112, 113. =Bib.=: Morice, _Dict. des Canadiens de l'Ouest_.

=Mounier.= =Dr= One of protesting members of Council under Carleton, 34.

=Mount Allison College.= Located at Sackville, New Brunswick. In 1858 an Act of the New Brunswick Legislature authorized the trustees of the Mount Allison Wesleyan College to establish a degree-conferring inst.i.tution at Sackville, under the name of the Mount Allison Wesleyan College. Work regularly organized, 1862. Corporate name changed to University of Mount Allison College, 1886.

=Mount Royal.= =L= Cross planted on summit, by Maisonneuve, 91.

=Mount-Stephen, George Stephen, first Baron= (1829- ). Born in Dufftown, Banffshire, Scotland. In 1850 came to Canada; built up a successful business in Montreal; in 1873 vice-president of the Bank of Montreal, and in 1876 president. In 1881 elected president of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and for his valuable services in promoting its construction created a baronet, 1886. Joined Lord Strathcona in 1886 in donating $1,000,000 for the erection of the Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal. In 1888 retired from the presidency of the Canadian Pacific Railway. In 1891 created a baron; and in 1905 G.C.V.O. =Index=: =Md= Director of the Canadian Pacific Railway, 236. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Who's Who_.

=Mountain, George Jehoshaphat= (1789-1863). Born in England. Educated at Cambridge; ordained deacon, 1812, and priest, 1816. In 1814-1817 rector of Fredericton, New Brunswick; in 1817 rector of Quebec; and in 1821 archdeacon of Lower Canada. Appointed suffragan bishop of Montreal, 1836, as coadjutor to Dr. C. J. Stewart, bishop of Quebec; and in 1850 bishop of Quebec. Established Bishop's College, Lennoxville, which was incorporated as a college, 1843, and as a university, 1853. =Index=: =R= Secures incorporation of Church of England in Canada, 48. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Taylor, _Brit. Am._ and _Last Three Bishops_; Mockridge, _Bishops of the Church of England in Canada and Newfoundland_.

=Mountain, Jacob= (1750-1825). Born in Norfolk, England. Graduated at Cambridge, 1774, and became fellow, 1779. After holding several livings, appointed castor prebendary of Lincoln cathedral, 1788. Through the friendship of William Pitt, appointed in 1793 first Anglican bishop of Quebec. During his administration the number of clergy increased from nine to sixty-one. The cathedral of Quebec erected under his auspices.

=Index=: =Dr= First bishop of Quebec, 271. =S= Appointed bishop of Quebec, 158; visits Upper Canada, 158; made legislative and executive councillor, 160. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._; Mockridge, _Bishops of the Church of England in Canada and Newfoundland_.

=Mounted Police.= _See_ Royal North-West Mounted Police.

=Moustier, Count.= =Dr= French minister to United States, proposes to visit Canada, 247-248.

=Mowat, Sir Oliver= (1820-1903). Born in Kingston, Ontario. Educated there; called to the bar of Upper Canada, 1841, and practised in Kingston and Toronto. In 1857-1864 represented South Ontario in the Canada a.s.sembly; in 1858 provincial secretary in the Brown-Dorion ministry; postmaster-general in the Macdonald-Dorion administration, 1863-1864, and in the Tache coalition government, 1864. From 1864 to 1872 vice-chancellor of Ontario. In 1872 premier and attorney-general of Ontario, and held office until 1896. In 1896 minister of justice in the Dominion Cabinet, with leadership in the Senate; and in 1897 lieutenant-governor of Ontario, a position he held until his death.

=Index=: =B= Member of brief Brown ministry, 102; on committee of Anti-Slavery Society, 112; speech on Confederation, 1859, 135; George Brown's letter to, on his contemplated retirement from the leadership, 141; opposes proposal that opposition members should enter government, to further Confederation movement, 157; enters coalition government, 158; reelected, 160; favours elective Senate, 164; his successful fight for provincial rights, 207. =Md= Enters Macdonald's office as a student, 6; succeeds Edward Blake as premier of Ontario, and leader of Liberal party, 252; his characteristics, 252; takes prominent part in Ontario boundary dispute, 252-258. =T= Enters coalition ministry, 69; attends Quebec Conference, 76. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._ and _Last Forty Years_; Morgan, _Can. Men_; Biggar, _Sir Oliver Mowat_; Clarke, _Sixty Years in Upper Canada_.

=Muir, Major.= =Bk= Commands detachment of 41st Regiment at Brownstown and Maguaga, 237, 238-241.

=Mulock, Sir William= (1843- ). Born in Bond Head, Simcoe County, Ontario. Educated at the University of Toronto. In 1868 called to the bar of Ontario, and appointed an examiner and a lecturer on equity of the Law Society. In 1882 entered the Dominion Parliament; 1896-1905, postmaster-general of Canada, and through his initiative the Inter-Imperial Postal Conference adopted penny postage within the empire. Created K.C.M.G., 1902. In 1905 appointed chief-justice of the Exchequer Division of the High Court of Justice for the province of Ontario. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Canadian Who's Who_.

=Munic.i.p.al Government.= =BL= Legislation under Sydenham, 100-105; bill pa.s.sed, 105; Baldwin Act of 1849, 105; regulation of, 287, 292; _Law Journal_ on the bill, 296; Shortt on, 296; munic.i.p.al history, 297-298; terms of Baldwin Act, 299-300. =Sy= Lack of, noted in Lord Durham's Report, 92; provided for in first draft of Union Bill, 273; Sydenham's deep interest in the subject, 273-275; munic.i.p.al clauses struck out of Union Bill, 275; ordinance respecting, pa.s.sed by Special Council of Lower Canada, 276; and later (for Upper Canada) by Legislature, 277; Sydenham's bill providing for, in Upper Canada, 323; provisions of bill, 324; bill pa.s.sed, 325. =S= Beginnings of, in Upper Canada, 89. =Bib.=: Wickett, _City Government in Canada_ and _Munic.i.p.al Government in North-West Territories_; Shortt, _Munic.i.p.al Government in Ontario_; Ewart, _Munic.i.p.al History of Manitoba_; Weir, _Munic.i.p.al Inst.i.tutions in Quebec_ (Toronto Univ. Studies in Hist, and Econ.).

=Munro, John.= =S= Member of Legislative Council, 79.

=Murders.= =Ch= Committed by Indians near Quebec, 115; in colony, 209.

=Murdoch, Beamish.= Historian. =Index=: =H= Contributes to _The Club_ edited by Joseph Howe in the _Nova Scotian_, 10; his independent stand in the Nova Scotia a.s.sembly, 18. =Bib.=: _History of Nova Scotia_.

=Murdoch, T. W. C.= =Sy= Appointed civil secretary, 152.

=Murray.= =R= Appointed to take charge of improvement of popular education in Upper Canada, 163.

=Murray.= =Dr= One of the protesting members of Council under Carleton, 34.

=Murray, Sir George= (1772-1846). Born in Scotland. Educated at Edinburgh University, and entered the army, 1789. Served in Flanders, 1794; in the West Indies, 1795-1796; in Egypt, 1801; in the Baltic expedition, and in Portugal, 1808; quartermaster-general in the Peninsular War, and for his services promoted major-general, and made K.C.B., 1813. In 1814 appointed governor of Canada. Entered Parliament, 1823; commander-in-chief in Ireland, 1825-1828; colonial secretary, 1828-1830. =Index=: =Sy= Colonial secretary, 16. =Bk= Disapproves employment of German troops, 136. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Murray, Mrs. George.= =Bk= Wife of Colonel (afterwards Sir George) Murray 142.

=Murray, George Henry= (1861- ). Born in Grand Narrows, Nova Scotia.

Educated at the public schools and at Boston University; studied law and called to the bar of Nova Scotia, 1883. Appointed to the Nova Scotia Legislative Council, 1899; took office in the Fielding administration, 1891; premier, 1896; sustained at general elections of 1897, 1901, and 1906. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Canadian Who's Who_.

=Murray, James= (1719-1794). Entered the army, 1740, and served in the West Indies, Flanders, and Brittany. In 1758 commanded a brigade at Louisbourg; and the left wing of the army at the battle of the Plains, 1759. After the surrender of Quebec, left in command, and defended the city against the French, 1760. On Oct. 27, 1760, appointed governor of Quebec, and from 1763 to 1766 governor of Canada. In 1772 lieutenant-general; in 1774 governor of Minorca; and 1783 promoted general. =Index=: =WM= Under Wolfe, character of, 74; governor of Canada, and highly esteemed by Canadians, 74; joins Holmes's fleet with four battalions, 161; commands British centre in battle of Plains, 189; takes command at Quebec, 235; issues proclamation, 236; maintains strict discipline, 237; learns of intended attack on Quebec, 250, 251; his proclamation ordering civilians to leave the city, 250; goes out to meet Levis and occupies Ste. Foy, 252; returns to city, 253; his character described by Bernier, 254; leads army out to give battle to Levis, 256; orders attack, 258; loses battle, 263; foresees coming trouble with British colonies, 269. =Dr= Administrator of Canada, 2; character of his government, 4; quells mutiny, 4; after cession (1763) appointed governor of Canada, 9; his troubles with English settlers, 9, 10, 14; wins confidence of French-Canadians, 10; appoints Council, 13; sends Cramahe to London to represent condition of affairs, 16; his recall pet.i.tioned for by certain of the English settlers, 17; defended by Canadian seigniors, 18; goes to Montreal in connection with Walker case, 21; summoned home, 23; presents report on colony, 24-28; somewhat offended at Carleton's proclamation relinquishing fees, 35; resigns governorship, 57. =B= Instructed to provide for support of Protestant clergy and schools, 51-52. =Bk= His heroic defence of Quebec, 35. =P= His iron rule relaxed, 8. =Hd= Marches on Montreal, 34, 36, 37; governor of Quebec, 41; his feelings towards French-Canadians, 42; his precautionary measures, 43; threatened friction with Haldimand, 49; his friendship for Haldimand's nephew, 49-50; made governor-general, 53; pet.i.tions against and in favour of, 60; his high regard for Haldimand, 94. =Bib.=: _Dict.

Nat. Biog._; Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Doughty, _Siege of Quebec_; Wood, _The Fight for Canada_; Parkman, _Montcalm and Wolfe_; Bradley, _The Fight with France_ and _The Making of Canada_; Lucas, _History of Canada_.

=Murray, Colonel John.= =W= Ma.s.sachusetts Loyalist, 4.

=Musgrave, Sir Anthony= (1828-1888). Born in England. Entered the Inner Temple, London, 1851; governor of the colony of Neiro, 1860; governor of the island of St. Vincent, 1861; governor of Newfoundland, 1864-1869; governor of British Columbia, 1869; governor of Natal, 1872; governor of South Australia, 1873; governor of Jamaica, 1877; governor of Queensland, 1888. =Index=: =Md= Governor of British Columbia, succeeding Seymour, 149. =D= His work for Confederation, 312, 313. =Bib.=: _Dict.

Nat. Biog._; Begg, _History of British Columbia_.

=Myers, Lieutenant-Colonel.= =Bk= In command at Fort George, 225.

=Myrand, Ernest.= =F= Author of _Frontenac et Ses Amis_, 229; his work, _Sir William Phipps devant Quebec_, quoted, 293; on losses incurred in siege of Quebec, by Phipps, 302; discusses question of Frontenac's portrait, 361.

=Nairne, Captain John.= =Hd= Haldimand gives him rank of major, 294.

=Napagabiscou.= =Ch= Indian, brings news to Champlain of Kirke's arrival, 176.

=Napoleon I= (1769-1821). Born at Ajaccio, Corsica. First consul, 1799.

Crowned Emperor, 1804. Abdicated, 1814, and retired to Elba. Escaped, raised another army, and finally defeated at Waterloo, 1815. Banished to St. Helena, where he died. =Index=: =Bk= Crowned as emperor, 71; threatens Britain, 71; battle of Austerlitz, 72; Jena and the Berlin Decrees, 81; endeavours to force on war between Britain and the United States, 98, 111; enforces Berlin Decrees, 105; dominates Europe, 106-108; his Milan Decree, 110; his reverses in Spain, 112, 113; triumphs over Austria at Wagram, 117. =Bib.=: Larousse, _Dictionnaire Universel_; Chambers, _Biog. Dict._, and lives mentioned in article.

=Natel, Antoine.= =Ch= Accompanies Champlain to Quebec, 41; reveals conspiracy against Champlain, 43; death of, 46.

=Nation.= Newspaper published at Toronto. =Index=: =B= Radical journal, founded after Liberal victory of 1874, 235; its programme, 236.

=National Club.= Social club at Toronto. =Index=: =B= Founded during Canada First movement, 235.

=National Policy.= =B= Secret of its success in 1878, 241. =Md= Description and history of, 217-219; political picnics used as means of placing its advantages before the country, 220-223; Macdonald on its advantages, 221-223; Blake in favour of, 224; Mills on, 224; comes into effect, 228-230; adopted by Liberal party in 1896, 262; comments on, after its operation for three years, 273. _See also_ Macdonald, Sir John A.; Conservative Party.

=Navigation, Art of.= =Ch= Highly praised by Champlain, 7.

=Navigation Acts.= =Sy= Poulett Thomson's speech on, 17. =E= Their disastrous effect on Canadian development, 38-39; Legislature pa.s.ses address praying for repeal of, 45; repealed in 1849, 83.

=Navy Hall.= =S= Simcoe's residence at Niagara, 99, 180; guests entertained at, 183-188, 229, 230; erected by Haldimand for accommodation of naval officers, 195; description of, 195, 196. =Bk= Residence of Governor Simcoe at Niagara, 57.

=Naxouat.= =F= Governor Villebon of Acadia establishes himself at, 327.