=Dawson, George Mercer= (1849-1901). Son of Sir J. W. Dawson (_q.v._).

Studied geology and palaeontology under Huxley, Ramsay and Etheridge at the Royal School of Mines, London. Geologist and botanist to North American Boundary Commission, 1873-1875. Appointed to staff of Geological Survey, 1875; a.s.sistant director, 1883; director, 1895. One of British commissioners in Bering Sea Arbitration, 1892. =Bib.=: For his numerous reports and papers on geological and allied subjects, _see_ _General Indexes to Geological Survey Reports_, 1863-1884, and 1885-1906; and _Bibliography of the Royal Society_ (R. S. C., 1894). For biog., _see_ Morgan, _Can. Men_.

=Dawson, Sir John William= (1820-1899). Born at Pictou, Nova Scotia.

Educated at Edinburgh University. Accompanied Sir Charles Lyell on his geological explorations in Nova Scotia. Appointed superintendent of education for Nova Scotia, 1850. Princ.i.p.al of McGill University, 1855-1893, and mainly instrumental in building up the inst.i.tution from a small college to one of the first rank. Elected F. G. S., 1854, and F.

R. S., 1862; knighted, 1884. First president of Royal Society of Canada.

Author of many works on geology and palaeontology. =Index=: =T= Commissioner to investigate King's College, 48. =Bib.=: Works: _Acadian Geology_; _Story of the Earth and Man_; _Science and the Bible_; _Dawn of Life_; _Origin of the World_; _Fossil Men_; _Change of Life in Geological Times_; _Chain of Life_; _Egypt and Syria_. For biog., _see_ _Dict. Nat. Biog._; Dent, _Can. Por._; Taylor, _Brit. Am._; Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Cyc. Am. Biog._; Dawson, _Fifty Years' Work in Canada_.

=Day, Charles Dewey= (1806-1884). Born in Bennington, Vermont. Came with his parents to Canada, 1812. Called to the bar of Lower Canada, 1827; created Q.C., 1837. a.s.sisted in the prosecution of the insurgents who had been arrested during the Rebellion of 1837-1838. Appointed solicitor-general and called to the Special Council, 1839. Summoned by Sydenham to the Executive Council, 1840, and subsequently elected to the a.s.sembly for the county of Ottawa. Appointed judge of the Court of Queen's Bench, 1842; transferred to the Superior Court, 1849; resigned, 1862. Acted as commissioner for the codification of the civil laws of Quebec; as representative of Quebec on the Arbitration Commission appointed under the British North America Act to settle the claims of the provinces; and as chairman of the Royal Commission to investigate the charges against the Macdonald government in connection with the granting of the charter to build the Canadian Pacific Railway. Held the office of chancellor of McGill University from 1857 until his death.

Died in England. =Index=: =BL= Solicitor-general for Lower Canada, 1841, 76; represents British interests, 78; Baldwin's att.i.tude to, 80; introduces School Bill, 107; elevated to bench, 122. =Sy= Solicitor-general for Lower Canada, 283. =E= Judge of Seigniorial Court, 187. =Bib.=: Taylor, _Brit. Am._; Dent, _Last Forty Years_.

=Dean.= =Bk= Private of the 41st, gallant conduct of at Canard bridge, 236; praised by Brock on parade, 258.

=Deane, Silas= (1737-1789). Delegate from Connecticut to Continental Congress, 1774. Sent to France as secret political agent, 1776.

Instrumental in negotiating treaties with France, and bringing Lafayette to America. =Index=: =Dr= Advocates ca.n.a.l to complete navigation between Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence, 230, 231. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._

=Dearborn, Henry= (1751-1829). Served through War of the Revolution; accompanied Arnold's expedition to Canada. Secretary of war, 1801-1809; appointed major-general, 1812, and a.s.signed to command of northern department in War of 1812; captured York, 1813, and Fort George, same year. Minister to Portugal, 1822-1824. =Index=: =Bk= Commanded United States troops in War of 1812, 192; at Plattsburg, 285. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am.

Biog._

=Dease, Peter Warren.= =D= In charge of New Caledonia for Hudson's Bay Company, 285. =MS= Succeeds William Connolly, 224; chief factor, 1828, 224; his explorations of Arctic coast, 224-225. =Bib.=: _Narrative of Discoveries on the North Coast of America_; Bryce, _Hudson's Bay Company_.

=Debartzch, P. D.= Engaged in journalism. First elected to the a.s.sembly of Lower Canada, 1810; member of the Legislative Council, 1815. =Index=: =P= Accepts Papineau's leadership, 34; urges him to accept mission to England to oppose union of the Canadas, 46; his daughters, 46; withdraws his support of Papineau, 86; interview with O'Callaghan, 146; attacked by Papineau, 169. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._

=De Bonne, Judge.= =Bk= Resolution of a.s.sembly excluding, 126.

=Debt, Public.= =Sy= Arrangements for, under Union, 115, 193, 204, 205, 206, 207; estimated amount of, 319.

=Declaration of Independence.= In Upper Canada. =Mc= July 1837, its history, 330; work of Rolph and O'Grady, 330.

=De Grey.= _See_ Walsingham.

=De Grey and Ripon.= _See_ Ripon.

=Delagrave, C.= =E= Commissioner under Seigniorial Tenure law, 187.

=De Lancy's Brigade of Loyalists.= =Dr= Mentioned, 202.

=Delaune, Captain.= =WM= Commanded the volunteers who first climbed hill at Le Foulon, 181.

=Delaware Indians.= A confederacy, of Algonquian stock, occupying the basin of the Delaware River. They were known to the British as Delawares; to the French as Loups; and they called themselves, Lenape.

Early in the eighteenth century, the Iroquois brought them into subjection. They crossed the mountains, and formed settlements in eastern Ohio, about the middle of the century. The remnant of the Delawares are now on reservations in Oklahoma, with a few hundred in Canada. =Index=: =Hd= Bring prisoners from Wyoming, 149. =Bib.=: Hodge, _Handbook of American Indians_.

=Delessert, B.= =Sy= Philanthropist and naturalist, 20.

=De Lisle, Elizabeth.= =Bk= Mother of Sir Isaac Brock, 6.

=Demers, Jerome.= =P= Criticizes Papineau for accepting mission to England, 65-66.

=Demers, Joseph.= =P= Urges Papineau to accept mission to England to oppose union of the Canadas, 45.

=Demers, Modeste.= First Roman Catholic bishop of Vancouver Island, 1847-1871. =Index=: =D= Missionary on Vancouver Island prior to 1846, 269; visits upper Fraser, 269; made bishop, 269.

=De Mille, James= (1833-1880). Born in New Brunswick. Educated at Horton Academy and at Brown University, Rhode Island. Subsequently professor of cla.s.sics at Acadia College and at Dalhousie College. =Bib.=: Works: _Elements of Rhetoric_; _Helena's Household; A Tale of Rome in the First Century_; _Young Dodge Club Series_.

=Dene Indians.= A group of tribes, of Athapaskan stock. The name means _men_. Morice includes four tribes in the Western Denes: Sekanais, on the west slope of the Rocky Mountains; Babines, who occupy the sh.o.r.es of the lakes of the same name, and the neighbouring country; Carriers, whose villages extend from Stuart Lake to Alexandria on the Fraser; and Chilcotins, who occupy the valley of the river of the same name.

=Index=: =D= In New Caledonia, 97. =Bib.=: Morice, _The Western Denes_; _Dene Sociology_; _Notes on the Western Denes_.

=Denison, George Taylor= (1839- ). Police magistrate at Toronto since 1877. Commanded Governor-General's Bodyguard in Fenian Raid, 1866; and in Riel Rebellion, 1885; in 1877 won the first prize offered by the Czar of Russia for the best _History of Cavalry_; president of the British Empire League in Canada since 1896. One of the founders of Canada First Party. =Index=: =Md= Opposes commercial union, 295. =Bib.=: Works: _Fenian Raid on Fort Erie_; _Modern Cavalry_; _History of Cavalry_; _Soldiering in Canada_; _Struggle for Imperial Unity_. For biog., _see_ Morgan, _Can. Men_.

=Dennis, John Stoughton= (1820-1885). Born near Toronto. Educated at Victoria College; commissioned as surveyor of public lands, 1842.

a.s.sisted in the organization of the Canadian militia, 1855; raised and appointed to the command of the Toronto Field Battery, 1856; brigade-major of the 5th Military District, 1861-1869; saw active service during the Fenian Raid, 1866. Sent to Red River Settlement to organize system of surveys, 1869, but was forced to withdraw.

Surveyor-general of Dominion Lands, 1871; deputy-minister of the interior, 1878; retired, 1881; created C. M. G., 1882. =Index=: =C= His surveys held responsible for first Riel Rebellion, 69-70. =R= Surveyor-general, graduate of Victoria College, 144. =Bib.=: Denison, _The Fenian Raid on Fort Erie_ and _Soldiering in Canada_. _See also_ Riel Rebellion, 1869-1870.

=Denonville, Jacques-Rene de Brisay, Marquis de.= Eleventh governor of New France. Colonel of Dragoons in French army; spent thirty years in military service before coming to Canada, in 1685, as successor to La Barre. Although a capable officer, found himself in a difficult situation owing to the condition to which the country had been brought by the failure of La Barre and the intrigues of the English governor of New York. Adopted a severe policy with the Indians, and was condemned for his treacherous seizure of Iroquois at Fort Frontenac in 1687. The horrible ma.s.sacre of Lachine was one of the consequences of his maladministration. Succeeded in the government of the colony by Frontenac in 1689. Died in 1710. =Index=: =F= Succeeds La Barre as governor, 189; comes out in same ship with Saint Vallier, 191; gives unfavourable account of Canadian people, 192; his piety, 197; asks for more troops, 198; corresponds with Dongan, governor of New York, 198; desirous of constructing a fort at Niagara, 199; proposes to French king to buy colony of New York, 202; instructed to cultivate peaceful relations with English neighbours, 203; sends expedition to Hudson Bay, 205; receives reinforcements, 206; determines to march against Iroquois, 207; crafty policy, 208; complains of French troops, 212; erects fort at Niagara, 213; asks for more troops, 217; receives visit from Big Mouth, 221; in attack by Iroquois on Lachine, orders troops to remain on defensive, 225; recalled, 228; orders Fort Frontenac to be blown up, 228; stimulates Abenaquis to attack New England settlements, 249. =L= On liquor question, 175; succeeds La Barre as governor, 193; his measures for defence of Canada, 213; seizes certain Indian chiefs, 214; builds fort at Niagara, 216; recalled, 218; conduct in Lachine ma.s.sacre, 226, 227. =Bib.=: Girouard, _L'Expedition de Marquis de Denonville_ (R. S.

C., 1899); Parkman, _Old Regime_ and _Frontenac_.

=Dent, John Charles= (1841-1888). Born in England. Came to Canada at an early age; studied law and called to the bar of Upper Canada. Went back to England and for a time engaged in newspaper work in London. Returned to America, 1847, and spent three years in Boston; came to Canada again, 1870, and became one of the editors of the _Globe_. =Index=: =B= On the "Double Shuffle," 108. =Bib.=: Works: _Last Forty Years_; _Upper Canadian Rebellion_; _Canadian Portrait Gallery_. For biog., _see_ MacMurchy, _Canadian Literature_.

=Denys, Charles, Sieur de Fronsac.= =Ch= Settles in Miramichi, 237.

=Denys, Nicolas= (1598-1688). Born at Tours. Early took to sea and in 1633 became interested in the fisheries of Nova Scotia. A short time after made one of the lieutenants of Acadia under the Company of New France, and settled at Miscou. In 1647 his fort seized by D'Aulnay, who had just been made lieutenant-general of the colony. In 1650 his establishment in Cape Breton captured and he himself taken prisoner. A second attempt to settle in Cape Breton frustrated by Le Borgne.

Returned to France in 1653, and received a grant of the islands of the St. Lawrence, including a monopoly of the fur trade, and shortly after became governor of that territory, together with Newfoundland. In 1667 obtained a confirmation of his rights, but in the winter of 1668-1669 his establishment at St. Peters completely destroyed by fire. In 1671 returned to France and engaged in the preparation of his work on Acadia.

About 1685 returned to Acadia, but his closing years darkened by the scattering of his vast estates. Died three years later, at the age of 90 years. =Index=: =Ch= Abandons Chedabucto and goes to Cape Breton, thence to Miscou and Gaspe, 236. =Bib.=: _Description and Natural History of Acadia_, ed. by Ganong. For biog., _see_ Parkman, _Old Regime_.

=De Peyster, Arent Schuyler= (1736-1832). Joined the 8th Regiment, 1755, and served with distinction upon the British side in the Revolutionary War. In command at Detroit, and also at Michilimackinac. Retired to Dumfries, Scotland, where he enjoyed the friendship of Robert Burns, and died there. =Index=: =Hd= Commander at Detroit, 146; Haldimand's letter to, 158; on the freemasonry of Indians, 161; Haldimand's letter to, on defence of frontier posts, 260; thought Du Calvet should have been hanged, 314. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._

=Dequen, Jean.= =L= Jesuit, devotion of, 32; his death, 33.

=Derby, Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, fourteenth Earl= (1799-1869). Entered Parliament, 1820; Irish secretary, 1830-1833; colonial secretary, 1833-1834 and 1841-1844. Prime minister, 1852, 1858-1859, and 1866-1868. =Index=: =E= Induces Elgin to accept governorship of Jamaica, 9; endorses Metcalfe's policy, 37; on an elective Upper House, 121-122. =W= Receives New Brunswick delegates, 24; on casual and territorial revenue, 25, 27, 29; on King's College Bill, 53, 54; increases New Brunswick Council, 69; cancels Reade's appointment, 80-81; on initiation of money grants, 92; crown lands case, 101. =T= His government defeated, 63. =B= Offers governorship to Metcalfe, 18; justifies his policy, 23. =BL= Restores Hagerman to office, 16; threatens to curtail existing privileges of people of Lower Canada, 21; pet.i.tion and correspondence as to public affairs in Upper Canada, 30; condemns Bagot's policy, 151; correspondence with Metcalfe, 160-166, 167, 168-169, 176, 186-187, 209-211; defends Metcalfe in House of Commons, and expresses his views on colonial government, 230-234; his confidential letters to Metcalfe, 230; Sullivan's criticism of his views on responsible government, 244; on Metcalfe's resignation, 265. =Mc= Restores Hagerman to office, 234; colonial secretary, 236; discusses post office, 236. =Bib.=: Kebbel, _Earl of Derby_; _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Derby.= =D= Formerly Fort Langley--proposed as capital of British Columbia, 246.

=De Salaberry.= =WM= Seigniorial manor of, headquarters of Montcalm, 94; council of war meets at, 147.

=Desandrouins, Captain.= =WM= His account of ma.s.sacre at Fort William Henry, 47-50.

=Des Barres, William Frederick= (1800-1885). Born in Nova Scotia.

Educated at Halifax Grammar School; called to the bar of Nova Scotia, 1821. Represented Guysborough in the a.s.sembly, 1836-1848; solicitor-general in Uniacke government, 1848; appointed judge of the Supreme Court, 1848; resigned, 1881. =Index=: =H= Member of Uniacke government, Nova Scotia, 1848, 110; solicitor-general, 111; commissioner for Halifax-Windsor Railway, 118. =Bib.=: Campbell, _History of Nova Scotia_.

=Des Brisay, Alexander C.= =T= Confederate candidate in New Brunswick, elected, 89; attacks government in a.s.sembly, 102.

=Deschamps.= =Ch= Surgeon, with the expedition at Port Royal, autopsy performed by, 33.

=Deschamps, Isaac= (1722-1801). A native of Switzerland; came to Nova Scotia in early life. Elected to the a.s.sembly, 1761; judge of the Court of Common Pleas for King's County, 1761; judge of the Island of St.

John, 1768; a.s.sistant judge of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, 1770; chief-justice, 1785. Appointed a member of the Council, 1783. =Bib.=: Campbell, _History of Nova Scotia_.

=Desdames.= =Ch= Clerk sent to Gaspe, returns with news of English depredations, 181; returns to France, 209.

=Deseille, Father.= =L= Companion of Father Marquette, 62.