In passive voice the tenses are formed by placing na, before the root and an after, for present and past; and ma, before the root and an after, for the future tense.

This particle serves also to point out the place or cuasi-place of the action. These passive particle sentences are formed by putting in subjective case the place or cuasi-place, and the verb in its correspondent tense. Ex:

Going through the forest a branch Sa pag-agui co didto sa came upon me. cacahuyan nahologan aco sa usa ca sanga.

My house was destroyed by the fire. Nasunug ang acong balay.

He fell from the cocoa-tree, and Naholog sa lubi ug namatay.

died.

He was struck with asthma, and died Guihangus sia ug nalumus.

of asphyxia.

Take care, that you do not fall. Maholog ca baya.

2.a The neuter verbs of action, are formed by means of the particles of active verbs maga or mi, as:

I did go up. Minsaca aco.

The bird flew away. Ang langgam minlupad.

Where are you taking me to? As-a guidala aco nimo?

I will take you to my father's Dad-on ta icao sa camalig sa amahan yard. co.

To walk. Soroy-soroy, Lacat-lacat, Lacao-lacao.

Are you walking? Nagasoroy-soroy ca ba?

I am walking. Nagasoroy-soroy aco.

When does your father walk? Anus-a magasoroy-soroy ang imong amahan?

He walks as early as you. Nagalacao-lacao sia sa masayo ingon canimo.

Early. Masayo, Sa masayo.

It is early. Buntag pa man.

It is too late. Hata-as na ang adlao.

Enough, Too. Igo, Hinlabihan.

Do you speak more than enough. Hinlabihan ba ang imong pagsulti?

No; I speak moderately. Dili: casarangan ang acong pagsulti.

Already. Na.

Yet. Pa.

Not yet. Dili pa, Uala pa.

Do you speak Bisaya yet? Nagasulti ca na ba ug Binsaya?

Not yet. Dili pa.

I do not speak yet. Dili pa aco magasulti.

Never. (future.) Dili sa guihapon.

No; never (past.) Uala, Sugud.

Seldom. Tagsa ra, Talagsa ra.

How many times? Nacapila?, Macapila?

One, Twice. Nacausa, Nacaduha.

Many times. Nacadaghan.

Heretofore, formerly. Canhi pa, Sa canhi pa.

Exercise XXI.

Of what illness did your brother die?--He died of fever--How is your brother?--My brother is not longer living, he died last week--He was very well last year, when I was in Tagbilaran--Of what illness did he die?--He died of small-pox--How is the mother of your friend?--She is not well, she had an attack of ague the day before yesterday, and this morning the fever has returned--Do your pupils learn their exercises by heart?--They will rather tear them than learn them by heart--Why does the mother of our servant shed tears?--She sheds tears because the Father, our friend, who used to give her alms, died four days ago--Of what illness did he die?--He died oppressed by his old age--Will you help me to work when we go to Panglao?--I will help you to work, if you help me now to get a livelihood--How does your sister like those oranges?--She likes them very well, but she says that they are a little too sweet--Do you wish to dine here?--I will dine here, provided that you had prepared a good meal.

TWENTY SECOND LESSON

OF THE PARTICLES NANAG AND NAN.

NANAG.

The particle nanag, is employed when the agent is more than one. The present and past tenses are formed by means of nanag; and the future and imperative with manag. When speaking in passive voice, the present and past are formed by putting guipanag, before the root, and the future and imperative, with panag, before and on after, as:

The children are waiting for their Ang mga bata nanaghulat sa ilang teacher. magtoto-on.

The children will read. Ang mga bata managbasa.

The carabaos have destroyed the Ang mga calabao nanagpangguba sa circle. siclat.

Our Lord Jesus Christ redeemed us Quitang tanan gnipanglucat sa all, from the power of the devil. atong J.C. sa cabihagan sa yaoa.

Forgive them, for they know not Pasaylo-a sila, cay uala sila what they do. mahibalo sa guipanagbuhat nila.

To depart, to go out. Guican At what time do you wish to leave? Anus-a camo bu-ut muguican?

We wish to leave now. Bu-ut came muguican caron.

To thank, (to God or the Saints) Pagpasalamat.

To thank, (to the men) Pagdios magbayad.

I thank you for the trouble you Nagadios magbayad aco canimo sa have taken for me. cabudlay mo tungud canaco.

How high?, of what height? Onsa ba ang cata-ason?

Of what height is your house? Onsa ba ang cahitas-on sa imong balay?

To save anybody's life. Pagbaui sa quinabuhi.

To dispute, to contend about some Paglalis, pagindig-indig.

thing.

About what are these people Onsay guilalisan nianang mga tao?

disputing?

They are disputing about who shall Cun quinsa ba ang mu-ona, mao go first. ilang guila-lisan.

They are contending about the Nanagindig-indig sila tungud sa signification of the Bisaya word, polong binisaya, Lagui.

"Lagui".

Even, not even. Dili pa ngani.

He has not even money enough to Dili pa ngani igo ang salapi nia buy some wine. sa pagpalit ug vino.

By no means. Dili gayud mahimo.

NAN.

The particle nan, is made use of to point out the continuance of an action, to give particular energy to the object, and also when the agent person is more than one. The active tenses present and past, are formed with nan, and the future and imperative with man. In passive voice is made use of guipa, for the former tenses, and of pa, for the latter.