192 Ibid., 780-81. Ibid., 780-81.

193 Ibid., 785-91. Ibid., 785-91.

194 . Maschmann, . Maschmann, Account Rendered Account Rendered, 146.

195 . Ibid., 157. . Ibid., 157.

196 . Ibid., 163. . Ibid., 163.

197 . Ibid., 149. . Ibid., 149.

198 . Speer, . Speer, Inside the Third Reich Inside the Third Reich, 619.

199 . Noakes (ed.), . Noakes (ed.), Nazism Nazism, IV. 666.

200 . Ibid. . Ibid.

201 Kershaw, Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, II. 803-5.

202 Sereny, Sereny, Albert Speer Albert Speer, 530-33; Speer, Inside the Third Reich Inside the Third Reich, 635-47.

203 Duggan, Duggan, The Force of Destiny The Force of Destiny, 529-32.

204 Kershaw, Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, II. 807-19.

205 H*rter (ed.), H*rter (ed.), Ein deutscher General Ein deutscher General, 16.

206 Kershaw, Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, II. 802-19.

207 . Ibid., 820-31, and 1,037-8 n. 156. See also the classic account by Hugh R. Trevor-Roper, . Ibid., 820-31, and 1,037-8 n. 156. See also the classic account by Hugh R. Trevor-Roper, The Last Days of Hitler The Last Days of Hitler (London, 1962 [1947]), still well worth reading; detailed sifting of the evidence in Anton Joachimsthaler, (London, 1962 [1947]), still well worth reading; detailed sifting of the evidence in Anton Joachimsthaler, Hitlers End: Legenden und Dokumente Hitlers End: Legenden und Dokumente (Augsburg, 1999 [1994]). (Augsburg, 1999 [1994]).

208 . Domarus (ed.), . Domarus (ed.), Hitler Hitler, IV. 2,236; Werner Maser (ed.), Hitlers Briefe und Notizen: Sein Weltbild in handschriftlichen Dokumenten Hitlers Briefe und Notizen: Sein Weltbild in handschriftlichen Dokumenten (D*sseldorf, 1973), 326-66. (D*sseldorf, 1973), 326-66.

209 . Kershaw, . Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, 824.

210 . Quoted in Christian Goeschel, 'Suicide at the End of the Third Reich', . Quoted in Christian Goeschel, 'Suicide at the End of the Third Reich', Journal of Contemporary History Journal of Contemporary History, 41 (2006), 153-73, at 167.

211 Reuth, Reuth, Goebbels Goebbels, 613-14; Trevor-Roper, The Last Days The Last Days, 241-7.

212 . Kershaw, . Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, II. 831-3, 1,039 n. 15. The skeletons of both men were discovered during building work in 1972 and identified by their dental records.

213 . Richard Overy, . Richard Overy, Interrogations: The Nazi Elite in Allied Hands, 1945 Interrogations: The Nazi Elite in Allied Hands, 1945 (London, 2001), 145-6, 205. (London, 2001), 145-6, 205.

214 Ibid., 165-8. Ibid., 165-8.

215 H*hne, H*hne, The Order of the Death's Head The Order of the Death's Head, 534-6.

216 . Neufeld, . Neufeld, The Rocket and the Reich The Rocket and the Reich, 265.

217 . Steur, . Steur, Theodor Dannecker Theodor Dannecker, 156-60, pointing out that she would hardly have done this had her husband not killed himself. Rumours that he survived were thus unfounded.

218 Burleigh, Burleigh, Death Death, 273, 351-84.

219 . Goeschel, 'Suicide'; also idem, 'Suicide in Weimar and Nazi Germany', 196-200; Richard Bessel, . Goeschel, 'Suicide'; also idem, 'Suicide in Weimar and Nazi Germany', 196-200; Richard Bessel, Nazism and War Nazism and War (London, 2004), 154. (London, 2004), 154.

220 H*ss, H*ss, Commandant of Auschwitz Commandant of Auschwitz, 193-4.

221 . Maschmann, . Maschmann, Account Rendered Account Rendered, 163.

222 . Ibid., 164. . Ibid., 164.

223 Sereny, Sereny, Albert Speer Albert Speer, 543-4.

224 . Boberach (ed.), . Boberach (ed.), Meldungen Meldungen, XVII. 6,737.

225 Goeschel, 'Suicide in Weimar and Nazi Germany', 209-13. Goeschel, 'Suicide in Weimar and Nazi Germany', 209-13.

226 . Quoted in Bessel, . Quoted in Bessel, Nazism and War Nazism and War, 155.

227 . Damian van Melis, . Damian van Melis, Entnazifizierung in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Herrschaft und Verwaltung 1945-1948 Entnazifizierung in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Herrschaft und Verwaltung 1945-1948 (Munich, 1999), 23-4; Bessel, (Munich, 1999), 23-4; Bessel, Nazism and War Nazism and War, 155; Naimark, Fires of Hatred Fires of Hatred, 117.

228 . Breloer (ed.), . Breloer (ed.), Geheime Welten Geheime Welten, 235.

229 Wirrer (ed.), Wirrer (ed.), Ich glaube an den F*hrer Ich glaube an den F*hrer, 324 (Inge to Alfred, 4 August 1945). Breloer (ed.), Geheime Welten Geheime Welten, 238 (22 April 1945) and 240 (3 June 1945).

230 . Breloer (ed.), . Breloer (ed.), Geheime Welten Geheime Welten, 44 (5 May 1945).

231 . Kershaw, . Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, II. 831- 3.

232 . Breloer (ed.), . Breloer (ed.), Geheime Welten Geheime Welten, 123-4 (1 May 1945).

233 . Walb, . Walb, Ich, die Alte Ich, die Alte, 338, 344-5 (2 and 8 May 1945).

234 . Breloer (ed.), . Breloer (ed.), Geheime Welten Geheime Welten, 141.

235 . Ibid., 163-5 (29 April 1945). . Ibid., 163-5 (29 April 1945).

236 . Solmitz, . Solmitz, Tagebuch Tagebuch, 1,022 (30 April 1945), 1,031 (5 May 1945), 1,037 (8 May 1945).

237 . Kershaw, . Kershaw, Hitler Hitler, II. 822-3, 835-6; detailed account of the surrender of German forces in various parts of Europe in Klaus-Ju*rgen Mu*ller and Gerd Ueberscha*r, Kriegsende 1945: Die Zersto*rung des deutschen Reiches Kriegsende 1945: Die Zersto*rung des deutschen Reiches (Frankfurt am Main, 1994); see also Jo*rg Hillmann and John Zimmermann, (Frankfurt am Main, 1994); see also Jo*rg Hillmann and John Zimmermann, Kriegsende 1945 in Deutschland Kriegsende 1945 in Deutschland (Munich, 2002) and Marlis Steinert, (Munich, 2002) and Marlis Steinert, Capitulation: A Story of the Do*nitz Regime Capitulation: A Story of the Do*nitz Regime (London, 1969). (London, 1969).

238 . Perry Biddiscombe, . Perry Biddiscombe, Werwolf! The History of the National Socialist Guerilla Movement 1944-1946 Werwolf! The History of the National Socialist Guerilla Movement 1944-1946 (Cardiff, 1996), 38-9. (Cardiff, 1996), 38-9.

239 . Klaus Tenfelde, 'Proletarische Provinz: Radikalisierung und Widerstand in Penzberg/ Oberbayern 1900 bis 1945', in Broszat . Klaus Tenfelde, 'Proletarische Provinz: Radikalisierung und Widerstand in Penzberg/ Oberbayern 1900 bis 1945', in Broszat et al et al. (eds.), Bayern Bayern, IV. 1-382.

240 . Robert G. Moeller, . Robert G. Moeller, War Stories: The Search for a Usable Past in the Federal Republic of Germany War Stories: The Search for a Usable Past in the Federal Republic of Germany (Berkeley, Calif., 2001), 3, 6, 24, 43; Norbert Frei, (Berkeley, Calif., 2001), 3, 6, 24, 43; Norbert Frei, Adenauer's Germany and the Nazi Past: The Politics of Amnesty and Integration Adenauer's Germany and the Nazi Past: The Politics of Amnesty and Integration (New York, 2002 [1997]), 303-12 (New York, 2002 [1997]), 303-12 241 . See Telford Taylor, . See Telford Taylor, The Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials The Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials (London, 1993) and Overy, (London, 1993) and Overy, Interrogations Interrogations.

242 . Sereny, . Sereny, Albert Speer Albert Speer, 702-21; Matthias Schmidt, Albert Speer: Das Ende eines Mythos: Speers wahre Rolle im Dritten Reich Albert Speer: Das Ende eines Mythos: Speers wahre Rolle im Dritten Reich (Bern, 1982); also Albert Speer, (Bern, 1982); also Albert Speer, Spandau: The Secret Diaries Spandau: The Secret Diaries (London, 1976 [1975]). (London, 1976 [1975]).

243 . Ho*ss, . Ho*ss, Commandant of Auschwitz Commandant of Auschwitz, 195-201.

244 . Steinbacher, . Steinbacher, Auschwitz Auschwitz, 137-9.

245 . Ibid., 139-45. . Ibid., 139-45.

246 . H*hne, . H*hne, The Order of the Death's Head The Order of the Death's Head, 535-6.

247 . Klee . Klee et al et al. (eds.), 'Those Were the Days' 'Those Were the Days', 297-9.

248 . Burleigh, . Burleigh, Death Death, 269-80; Schmidt, Karl Brandt Karl Brandt, 351-84.

249 . Kater, . Kater, Doctors under Hitler Doctors under Hitler, 2-3; Steven P. Remy, The Heidelberg Myth: The Nazification and Denazification of a German University The Heidelberg Myth: The Nazification and Denazification of a German University (Cambridge, Mass., 2002), 198-203. (Cambridge, Mass., 2002), 198-203.

250 . Horace W. Stunkard, 'Erich Martini (1880-1960)', . Horace W. Stunkard, 'Erich Martini (1880-1960)', Journal of Parasitology Journal of Parasitology, 47 (1961), 909-10.

251 . Lifton, . Lifton, The Nazi Doctors The Nazi Doctors, 380-83.

252 . Klee, . Klee, Auschwitz Auschwitz, 488-91.

253 . Sereny, . Sereny, Into that Darkness Into that Darkness, 13, 16, 261-77, 301-7, 321-2, 339-66.

254 . Cesarani, . Cesarani, Eichmann Eichmann, 200-323.

255 . Steinbacher, . Steinbacher, Auschwitz Auschwitz, 145-52.

256 . Konrad H. Jarausch, . Konrad H. Jarausch, After Hitler: Recivilizing Germans, 1945-1995 After Hitler: Recivilizing Germans, 1945-1995 (New York, 2006), 54. The figure for the 'incriminated' does not include the British Zone. See also Clemens Vollnhals, (New York, 2006), 54. The figure for the 'incriminated' does not include the British Zone. See also Clemens Vollnhals, Entnazifizierung: Politische Sa*uberung und Rehabilitierung in den vier Besatzungszonen 1945-1949 Entnazifizierung: Politische Sa*uberung und Rehabilitierung in den vier Besatzungszonen 1945-1949 (Munich, 1991); Lutz Niethammer, (Munich, 1991); Lutz Niethammer, Die Mitla*uferfabrik: Die Entnazifizierung am Beispiel Bayerns Die Mitla*uferfabrik: Die Entnazifizierung am Beispiel Bayerns (Berlin, 1992). (Berlin, 1992).

257 . Jarausch, . Jarausch, After Hitler After Hitler, 271-81. For Best, see Herbert, Best Best, 403-76, and more generally Norbert Frei (ed.), Karrieren im Zwielicht: Hitlers Eliten nach 1945 Karrieren im Zwielicht: Hitlers Eliten nach 1945 (Frankfurt am Main, 2001). For problems of social adjustment immediately after the war, see J*rg Echternkamp, 'Im Schlagschatten des Krieges: Von den Folgen milita*rischer Herrschaft in der fru*hen Nachkriegszeit', in (Frankfurt am Main, 2001). For problems of social adjustment immediately after the war, see J*rg Echternkamp, 'Im Schlagschatten des Krieges: Von den Folgen milita*rischer Herrschaft in der fru*hen Nachkriegszeit', in DRZW DRZW X/II. 657-97. X/II. 657-97.

258 . H*rter (ed.), . H*rter (ed.), E*n deutscher General E*n deutscher General, 16.

259 . Bock, . Bock, Zwischen Pflicht und Verweigerung Zwischen Pflicht und Verweigerung, 11-25.

260 . Hosenfeld, . Hosenfeld, 'Ich versuche' 'Ich versuche', 111-46.

261 . Breloer (ed.), . Breloer (ed.), Geheime Welten Geheime Welten, 44.

262 . Ibid., 45. . Ibid., 45.

263 . Ibid., 273. . Ibid., 273.

264 . Maschmann, . Maschmann, Account Rendered Account Rendered, 168-223 (quotation on page 190).

265 . Steven Bach, . Steven Bach, Leni - The Life and Work of Leni Riefenstahl Leni - The Life and Work of Leni Riefenstahl (New York, 2007), 252- 92; Welch, (New York, 2007), 252- 92; Welch, Propaganda and the German Cinema Propaganda and the German Cinema, 125-34, 263, 307; Emil Jannings, Theater, Film - Das Leben und Ich Theater, Film - Das Leben und Ich (Munich, 1989 [1951]). (Munich, 1989 [1951]).

266 . Kater, . Kater, Composers Composers, 3-30, 211-63.

267 . Shirakawa, . Shirakawa, The Devil's Music Master The Devil's Music Master, 364.

268 . Ibid. More generally, see Toby Thacker, . Ibid. More generally, see Toby Thacker, Music after Hitler, 1945-1955 Music after Hitler, 1945-1955 (London, 2007), 39-74. (London, 2007), 39-74.

269 . Petropoulos, . Petropoulos, The Faustian Bargain The Faustian Bargain, 239-53.

270 . Neufeld, . Neufeld, The Rocket and the Reich The Rocket and the Reich, 267-75.

271 . Remy, . Remy, The Heidelberg Myth The Heidelberg Myth, 54, 204-5.

272 . Klukowski, . Klukowski, Diary Diary, x-xi, xv-xx.

273 . Martin Chalmers, 'Introduction', in Victor Klemperer, . Martin Chalmers, 'Introduction', in Victor Klemperer, The Lesser Evil: The Diaries of Victor Klemperer 1945-59 The Lesser Evil: The Diaries of Victor Klemperer 1945-59 (London, 2003 [1999]), vii-xvii. (London, 2003 [1999]), vii-xvii.

274 . Klemperer, . Klemperer, The Lesser Evil The Lesser Evil, 359 (8 July 1951).

275 . Ibid., 621-4. . Ibid., 621-4.

276 . Cited in Evans, . Cited in Evans, The Coming of the Third Reich The Coming of the Third Reich, 312-13; information from Staatsarchiv der Freien- und Hansestadt Hamburg.

277 . Eric A. Johnson and Karl-Heinz Reuband, . Eric A. Johnson and Karl-Heinz Reuband, What We Knew: Terror, Mass Murder, and Everyday Life in Nazi Germany: An Oral History What We Knew: Terror, Mass Murder, and Everyday Life in Nazi Germany: An Oral History (New York, 2005), 337-44. (New York, 2005), 337-44.

278 . Bill Niven, . Bill Niven, Facing the Nazi Past: United Germany and the Legacy of the Third Reich Facing the Nazi Past: United Germany and the Legacy of the Third Reich (London, 2002), 233-41; Peter Reichel, (London, 2002), 233-41; Peter Reichel, Politik mit der Erinnerung: Geda*chtnisorte im Streit um die nationalsozialistische Vergangenheit Politik mit der Erinnerung: Geda*chtnisorte im Streit um die nationalsozialistische Vergangenheit (Frankfurt am Main, 1999 [1995]). (Frankfurt am Main, 1999 [1995]).

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