[1456] That these terms represent cla.s.ses of priests is indicated by the fact that the abstract derivatives shangutu, kalutu, ishipputu, and also ramkutu (see below) are used as general terms for priesthood.

[1457] IIR. 32, no. 3.

[1458] 'A spear carrier of Marduk' occurs in contract tablets.

[1459] _Dupsharru_.

[1460] _Daianu_.

[1461] _E.g._, IIIR. 48, no. 6, ll. 26, 27.

[1462] _Shangu_ = priest; _makhu_ = great.

[1463] See above, p. 657.

[1464] Delitzsch, _a.s.syr. Handworterbuch_, p. 149b.

[1465] See pp. 356 _seq._

[1466] On these night watches, see Delitzsch's article in the _Zeitschrift fur Keilschriftforschung_, ll. 284-294.

[1467] See above, pp. 267, 343.

[1468] _Kharimtu_, _Kisritu_, _Ukhatu_, _Shamuktu_. See IIR, 32, no. 2, ll. 31-36, and above, pp. 475, 484.

[1469] See his article on "Sacrifice" in the 9th edition of the _Encyclopaedia Britannica_ and his _Religion of the Semites_, Lectures VI-XI.

[1470] So in the regulations of the priestly code (Lev. iii. 14-17).

[1471] Inscription G, cols, iii-vi.

[1472] Hardly 'roosters,' as Jensen (_Kosmologie_, p. 517) proposes.

[1473] See, _e.g._, Gudea, Inscription F, cols. iii, iv.

[1474] See on this general subject Marillier's admirable articles, "La Place du Totemisme dans l'evolution religieuse" (_Revue de l'Histoire des Religions_, x.x.xvi).

[1475] See pp. 397, 398.

[1476] See Peters' _Nippur_, ll. 131, and Hilprecht, _Cuneiform Texts_, ix. pl. xiii.

[1477] See Ward, "On Some Babylonian Cylinders supposed to represent Human Sacrifices" (_Proc. Amer. Oriental Soc._ May, 1888, pp.

xxvlii-x.x.x).

[1478] See, _e.g._, Layard, _Monuments of Nineveh_, 1st series, pls. 7, 23; Place, _Nineve et l'a.s.syrie_, pl. 46, etc.

[1479] "The Winged Figures of the a.s.syrian and Other Ancient Monuments,"

_Proc. Soc. Bibl. Arch._ xii. 383-393; see also Bonavia, "The Sacred Trees of the a.s.syrian Monuments," _Babylonian and Oriental Record_, vols. iii, iv, whose conclusions, however, are not always acceptable.

[1480] See chapter xix, "Oracles and Omens."

[1481] See pp. 295-299.

[1482] See, _e.g._, Sennacherib, IR. 47, col. v. ll. 50-54; Ashurbanabal, Ra.s.sam Cylinder, col. ii. l. 116, and col. iv. l. 9.

[1483] IIR. 67, 11, 12.

[1484] Cylinder, l. 4.

[1485] Winckler, _Die Keilschrifttexte Sargon's Prunkinschrift_, ll.

134, 135.

[1486] Hilprecht, _Old Babylonian Inscriptions_, i. 1, pl. 33, col. ii.

ll. 54-56.

[1487] VR. 65, col. ii. l. 13.

[1488] See, _e.g._, Tiglathpileser I., IR. 16, col. viii. ll. 56, 57; Sennacherib, IR. 47, col. vi. l. 67-71.

[1489] VR. 64, col. ii. ll. 43-45.

[1490] Gen. xxviii. 18.

[1491] _Religion of the Semites_, p. 364.

[1492] See Robertson Smith, ib. p. 215.

[1493] VR. 61, col. iv. ll. 33, 34.

[1494] IR. 7, no. ix.

[1495] Heuzey in De Sarzec's _Decouvertes en Chaldee_, p. 209.

[1496] Several examples occur in De Sarzec's _Decouvertes en Chaldee_.

See also Ward, _Proc. Amer. Oriental Soc._, May, 1888, p. xxix, and Peters' _Nippur_, ii. pl. 2.

[1497] Wellhausen, _Reste Arabischen Heidenthums_, p. 106.

[1498] Grotefend Cylinder, col. li. ll. 36-39.

[1499] They are also used in the sense of any permanent provision for a temple through an endowment.

[1500] Lit., 'the steady' sacrifice. See the technical employment, Dan.

viii. 11.

[1501] VR. 61, col. iv. l. 48-col v. l. 6; see also Ashurbanabal, Ra.s.sam Cylinder, col. iv. l. 90.

[1502] Belit here used for Ashur's consort; see p. 226.