22 "God has been helping me to this day so that I can stand and testify to important and unimportant people. I tell them only what the prophets and Moses said would happen. 23 They said that the Messiah would suffer and be the first to come back to life and would spread light to Jewish and non-Jewish people."

24 As Paul was defending himself in this way, Festus shouted, "Paul, you're crazy! Too much education is driving you crazy!"

25 Paul replied, "I'm not crazy, Your Excellency Festus. What I'm saying is true and sane. 26 I can easily speak to a king who knows about these things. I'm sure that none of these things has escaped his attention. None of this was done secretly. 27 King Agrippa, do you believe the prophets? I know you believe them!"

28 Agrippa said to Paul, "Do you think you can quickly persuade me to become a Christian?"

29 Paul replied, "I wish to God that you and everyone listening to me today would quickly and completely become as I am (except for being a prisoner)."

30 The king, the governor, Bernice, and the people who were sitting with them got up. 31 As they were leaving, they said to each other, "This man isn't doing anything for which he deserves to die or be put in prison."

32 Agrippa told Festus, "This man could have been set free if he hadn't appealed his case to the emperor."

Paul Sails for Rome 27 1 When it was decided that we should sail to Italy, Paul and some other prisoners were turned over to an army officer. His name was Julius, and he belonged to the emperor's division. 2 We set sail on a ship from the city of Adramyttium. The ship was going to stop at ports on the coast of the province of Asia. Aristarchus, a Macedonian from the city of Thessalonica, went with us.

3 The next day we arrived at the city of Sidon. Julius treated Paul kindly and allowed him to visit his friends and receive any care he needed. 4 Leaving Sidon, we sailed on the northern side of the island of Cyprus because we were traveling against the wind. 5 We sailed along the coast of the provinces of Cilicia and Pamphylia and arrived at the city of Myra in the province of Lycia. 6 In Myra the officer found a ship from Alexandria that was on its way to Italy and put us on it. 7 We were sailing slowly for a number of days. Our difficulties began along the coast of the city of Cnidus because the wind would not let us go further. So at Cape Salmone, we started to sail for the south side of the island of Crete. 8 We had difficulty sailing along the shore of Crete. We finally came to a port called Fair Harbors. The port was near the city of Lasea.

9 We had lost so much time that the day of fasting had already past. Sailing was now dangerous, so Paul advised them, 10 "Men, we're going to face a disaster and heavy losses on this voyage. This disaster will cause damage to the cargo and the ship, and it will affect our lives." 11 However, the officer was persuaded by what the pilot and the owner of the ship said and not by what Paul said. 12 Since the harbor was not a good place to spend the winter, most of the men decided to sail from there. They hoped to reach the city of Phoenix somehow and spend the winter there. (Phoenix is a harbor that faces the southwest and northwest winds and is located on the island of Crete.) 13 When a gentle breeze began to blow from the south, the men thought their plan would work. They raised the anchor and sailed close to the shore of Crete.

14 Soon a powerful wind (called a northeaster) blew from the island. 15 The wind carried the ship away, and we couldn't sail against the wind. We couldn't do anything, so we were carried along by the wind. 16 As we drifted to the sheltered side of a small island called Cauda, we barely got control of the ship's lifeboat. 17 The men pulled it up on deck. Then they passed ropes under the ship to reinforce it. Fearing that they would hit the large sandbank off the shores of Libya, they lowered the sail and were carried along by the wind. 18 We continued to be tossed so violently by the storm that the next day the men began to throw the cargo overboard. 19 On the third day they threw the ship's equipment overboard. 20 For a number of days we couldn't see the sun or the stars. The storm wouldn't let up. It was so severe that we finally began to lose any hope of coming out of it alive.

21 Since hardly anyone wanted to eat, Paul stood among them and said, "Men, you should have followed my advice not to sail from Crete. You would have avoided this disaster and loss. 22 Now I advise you to have courage. No one will lose his life. Only the ship will be destroyed. 23 I know this because an angel from the God to whom I belong and whom I serve stood by me last night. 24 The angel told me, 'Don't be afraid, Paul! You must present your case to the emperor. God has granted safety to everyone who is sailing with you.' 25 So have courage, men! I trust God that everything will turn out as he told me. 26 However, we will run aground on some island."

The Shipwreck 27 On the fourteenth night we were still drifting through the Mediterranean Sea. About midnight the sailors suspected that we were approaching land. 28 So they threw a line with a weight on it into the water. It sank 120 feet. They waited a little while and did the same thing again. This time the line sank 90 feet. 29 Fearing we might hit rocks, they dropped four anchors from the back of the ship and prayed for morning to come.

30 The sailors tried to escape from the ship. They let the lifeboat down into the sea and pretended they were going to lay out the anchors from the front of the ship. 31 Paul told the officer and the soldiers, "If these sailors don't stay on the ship, you have no hope of staying alive." 32 Then the soldiers cut the ropes that held the lifeboat and let it drift away.

33 Just before daybreak Paul was encouraging everyone to have something to eat. "This is the fourteenth day you have waited and have had nothing to eat. 34 So I'm encouraging you to eat something. Eating will help you survive, since not a hair from anyone's head will be lost." 35 After Paul said this, he took some bread, thanked God in front of everyone, broke it, and began to eat. 36 Everyone was encouraged and had something to eat. 37 (There were 276 of us on the ship.) 38 After the people had eaten all they wanted, they lightened the ship by dumping the wheat into the sea.

39 In the morning they couldn't recognize the land, but they could see a bay with a beach. So they decided to try to run the ship ashore. 40 They cut the anchors free and left them in the sea. At the same time they untied the ropes that held the steering oars. Then they raised the top sail to catch the wind and steered the ship to the shore. 41 They struck a sandbar in the water and ran the ship aground. The front of the ship stuck and couldn't be moved, while the back of the ship was broken to pieces by the force of the waves.

42 The soldiers had a plan to kill the prisoners to keep them from swimming away and escaping. 43 However, the officer wanted to save Paul, so he stopped the soldiers from carrying out their plan. He ordered those who could swim to jump overboard first and swim ashore. 44 Then he ordered the rest to follow on planks or some other pieces of wood from the ship. In this way everyone got to shore safely.

Paul on the Island of Malta 28 1 When we were safely on shore, we found out that the island was called Malta. 2 The people who lived on the island were unusually kind to us. They made a fire and welcomed all of us around it because of the rain and the cold.

3 Paul gathered a bundle of brushwood and put it on the fire. The heat forced a poisonous snake out of the brushwood. The snake bit Paul's hand and wouldn't let go. 4 When the people who lived on the island saw the snake hanging from his hand, they said to each other, "This man must be a murderer! He may have escaped from the sea, but justice won't let him live."

5 Paul shook the snake into the fire and wasn't harmed. 6 The people were waiting for him to swell up or suddenly drop dead. But after they had waited a long time and saw nothing unusual happen to him, they changed their minds and said he was a god.

7 A man named Publius, who was the governor of the island, had property around the area. He welcomed us and treated us kindly, and for three days we were his guests. 8 His father happened to be sick in bed. He was suffering from fever and dysentery. Paul went to him, prayed, placed his hands on him, and made him well.

9 After that had happened, other sick people on the island went to Paul and were made well. 10 They showed respect for us in many ways, and when we were going to set sail, they put whatever we needed on board.

Paul Sails from Malta to Rome 11 After three months we sailed on an Alexandrian ship that had spent the winter at the island. The ship had the gods Castor and Pollux carved on its front. 12 We stopped at the city of Syracuse and stayed there for three days. 13 We sailed from Syracuse and arrived at the city of Rhegium. The next day a south wind began to blow, and two days later we arrived at the city of Puteoli. 14 In Puteoli we discovered some believers who begged us to spend a week with them.

15 Believers in Rome heard that we were coming, so they came as far as the cities of Appius' Market and Three Taverns to meet us. When Paul saw them, he thanked God and felt encouraged. So we finally arrived in the city of Rome.a 16 After our arrival, Paul was allowed to live by himself, but he had a soldier who guarded him.

Paul in Rome 17 After three days Paul invited the most influential Jews in Rome to meet with him. When they assembled, he said to them, "Brothers, I haven't done anything against the Jewish people or violated the customs handed down by our ancestors. Yet, I'm a prisoner from Jerusalem, and I've been handed over to the Roman authorities. 18 The Roman authorities cross-examined me and wanted to let me go because I was accused of nothing for which I deserved to die. 19 But when the Jews objected, I was forced to appeal my case to the emperor. That doesn't mean I have any charges to bring against my own people. 20 That's why I asked to see you and speak with you. I'm wearing these chains because of what Israel hopes for."

21 The Jewish leaders told Paul, "We haven't received any letters from Judea about you, and no Jewish person who has come to Rome has reported or mentioned anything bad about you. 22 However, we would like to hear what you think. We know that everywhere people are talking against this sect."

23 On a designated day a larger number of influential Jews than expected went to the place where Paul was staying. From morning until evening, Paul was explaining the kingdom of God to them. He was trying to convince them about Yeshua from Moses' Teachings and the Prophets. 24 Some of them were convinced by what he said, but others continued to disbelieve.

25 The Jews, unable to agree among themselves, left after Paul had quoted this particular passage to them: "How well the Holy Spirit spoke to your ancestors through the prophet Isaiah! 26 The Spirit said: 'Go to these people and say, "You will hear clearly but never understand.

You will see clearly but never comprehend.

27 These people have become close-minded and hard of hearing.

They have shut their eyes so that their eyes never see.

Their ears never hear.

Their minds never understand.

And they never turn to me for healing."'

28 "You need to know that God has sent his salvation to people who are not Jews. They will listen."a 30 Paul rented a place to live for two full years and welcomed everyone who came to him. 31 He spread the message about God's kingdom and taught very boldly about the Lord Yeshua Christ. No one stopped him.

a 1:22 Verses 21-22 have been rearranged to express the complex Greek sentence structure more clearly in English.

a 3:25 Or "covenant."

a 4:33 Or "grace."

a 6:8 Or "grace."

a 7:8 Or "covenant."

b 7:10 Or "grace."

a 7:46 Some manuscripts and translations read "God of Jacob."

a 8:36 Some manuscripts and translations add verse 37: "Philip said to the official, 'If you believe with all your heart, you can be baptized.' The official answered, 'I believe Yeshua Christ is the Son of God.'"

a 10:14 "Unclean" refers to anything that Moses' Teachings say is not presentable to God.

b 10:15 "Clean" refers to anything that Moses' Teachings say is presentable to God.

a 11:8 "Unclean" refers to anything that Moses' Teachings say is not presentable to God.

b 11:9 "Clean" refers to anything that Moses' Teachings say is presentable to God.

a 11:23 Or "grace."

a 13:24 "Repentance" is turning to God with a complete change in the way a person thinks and acts.

a 13:43 Or "grace."

b 14:3 Or "grace."

a 14:23 Or "pastors," or "elders."

b 14:26 Or "grace."

a 15:2 Or "pastors," or "elders."

b 15:11 Or "grace."

a 15:33 Some manuscripts and translations add verse 34: "But Silas decided to stay there, and Judas went back to Jerusalem alone."

b 15:40 Or "grace."

a 16:4 Or "pastors," or "elders."

a 18:27 Or "grace."

b 19:4 "Repentance" is turning to God with a complete change in the way a person thinks and acts.

a 19:41 Acts 19:41 in English Bibles is Acts 19:40b in the Greek Bible.

a 20:17 Or "pastors," or "elders."

b 20:24 Or "grace."

c 20:28 English equivalent difficult.

a 21:18 Or "pastors," or "elders."

b 21:28 "Unclean" refers to anything that Moses' Teachings say is not presentable to God.

a 24:6 Some manuscripts and translations add verses 6b-8a: "We wanted to try him under our law. But the officer Lysias used force to take him from us. He ordered his accusers to come in front of you."

a 28:15 The last sentence in verse 14 has been placed in verse 15 to express the complex Greek sentence structure more clearly in English.

a 28:28 Some manuscripts and translations add verse 29: "After Paul said this, the Jews left. They argued intensely among themselves."

Introduction to ROMANS.

Twenty-one of the New Testament's twenty-seven books are epistles, or letters. The first thirteen letters are traditionally ascribed to the apostle Paul, whose story is told in the book of Acts. Paul's letters are arranged by length: Romans is the longest but not the first to be written.

The year is about AD 57. Paul, probably in Corinth, is planning a trip to Jerusalem and then on to Rome, where he will catch up with believers he has met on previous missionary journeys. He addresses this letter "to everyone in Rome whom God loves and has called to be his holy people" (1:7). Some of the recipients are Jewish by birth while others are Greek Gentiles. Paul wants both groups to understand how God relates to humans.

God is just, Paul says, and he will judge everyone who sins, whether they are Gentiles or Jews. Since everyone sins, that means everyone has a big problem, because sin leads to death (5:12). But God is more than just: he is also kind. He does not want us to die in our sins. So he intervenes and offers his approval "freely by an act of his kindness through the price Christ Yeshua paid to set us free from sin" (3:24). How do we access God's kindness? Not through heroic deeds or perfect law-keeping, but through faith: the kind of faith that trusts God to keep his promises. "If you declare that Yeshua is Lord, and believe that God brought him back to life, you will be saved" (10:9).

Paul's intense love for the Jewish people and the Hebrew Scriptures shines through chapters 9 to 11. He grieves for traditional Jews, who have not accepted the new Christian teachings, even as he rejoices that Gentiles are now part of God's family. Still, he knows that the God who chose the Jews does not change his mind. One day, Paul is sure, "Israel as a whole will be saved" (11:26)-Jews and Gentiles together.

Meanwhile, people who have been saved through God's kindness should live by God's principles, which Paul outlines from chapter 12 on. We all have different backgrounds, different gifts, different opinions-but "Christ makes us one body and individuals who are connected to each other" (12:5). Above all, he counsels, love one another. Jews and Gentiles, "stop criticizing each other. Instead . . . decide never to do anything that would make other Christians have doubts or lose their faith" (14:13).

Key Names of God in Romans Spirit Son of God Savior Father Messiah, Christ Lord ROMANS.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10.

11 12 13 14 15 16.

Greeting 1 1 From Paul, a servant of Yeshua Christ, called to be an apostle and appointed to spread the Good News of God.

2 (God had already promised this Good News through his prophets in the Holy Scriptures. 3 This Good News is about his Son, our Lord Yeshua Christ.a In his human nature he was a descendant of David. 4 In his spiritual, holy nature he was declared the Son of God. This was shown in a powerful way when he came back to life. 5 Through him we have received God's kindnessb and the privilege of being apostles who bring people from every nation to the obedience that is associated with faith. This is for the honor of his name. 6 You are among those who have been called to belong to Yeshua Christ.) 7 To everyone in Rome whom God loves and has called to be his holy people.

Good willc and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Christ are yours!

Paul's Prayer and Desire to Visit Rome 8 First, I thank my God through Yeshua Christ for every one of you because the news of your faith is spreading throughout the whole world. 9 I serve God by spreading the Good News about his Son. God is my witness that I always mention you 10 every time I pray. I ask that somehow God will now at last make it possible for me to visit you. 11 I long to see you to share a spiritual blessing with you so that you will be strengthened. 12 What I mean is that we may be encouraged by each other's faith.

13 I want you to know, brothers and sisters, that I often planned to visit you. However, until now I have been kept from doing so. What I want is to enjoy some of the results of working among you as I have also enjoyed the results of working among the rest of the nations. 14 I have an obligation to those who are civilized and those who aren't, to those who are wise and those who aren't. 15 That's why I'm eager to tell you who live in Rome the Good News also.

16 I'm not ashamed of the Good News. It is God's power to save everyone who believes, Jews first and Greeks as well. 17 God's approval is revealed in this Good News. This approval begins and ends with faith as Scripture says, "The person who has God's approval will live by faith."

God's Anger against Sinful Humanity 18 God's anger is revealed from heaven against every ungodly and immoral thing people do as they try to suppress the truth by their immoral living. 19 What can be known about God is clear to them because he has made it clear to them. 20 From the creation of the world, God's invisible qualities, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly observed in what he made. As a result, people have no excuse. 21 They knew God but did not praise and thank him for being God. Instead, their thoughts were pointless, and their misguided minds were plunged into darkness. 22 While claiming to be wise, they became fools. 23 They exchanged the glory of the immortal God for statues that looked like mortal humans, birds, animals, and snakes.

24 For this reason God allowed their lusts to control them. As a result, they dishonor their bodies by sexual perversion with each other. 25 These people have exchanged God's truth for a lie. So they have become ungodly and serve what is created rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever. Amen!

26 For this reason God allowed their shameful passions to control them. Their women have exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones. 27 Likewise, their men have given up natural sexual relations with women and burn with lust for each other. Men commit indecent acts with men, so they experience among themselves the punishment they deserve for their perversion.

28 And because they thought it was worthless to acknowledge God, God allowed their own immoral minds to control them. So they do these indecent things. 29 Their lives are filled with all kinds of sexual sins, wickedness, and greed. They are mean. They are filled with envy, murder, quarreling, deceit, and viciousness. They are gossips, 30 slanderers, haters of God, haughty, arrogant, and boastful. They think up new ways to be cruel. They don't obey their parents, 31 don't have any sense, don't keep promises, and don't show love to their own families or mercy to others. 32 Although they know God's judgment that those who do such things deserve to die, they not only do these things but also approve of others who do them.

God Will Judge Everyone 2 1 No matter who you are, if you judge anyone, you have no excuse. When you judge another person, you condemn yourself, since you, the judge, do the same things. 2 We know that God's judgment is right when he condemns people for doing these things. 3 When you judge people for doing these things but then do them yourself, do you think you will escape God's judgment? 4 Do you have contempt for God, who is very kind to you, puts up with you, and deals patiently with you? Don't you realize that it is God's kindness that is trying to lead you to him and change the way you think and act?

5 Since you are stubborn and don't want to change the way you think and act, you are adding to the anger that God will have against you on that day when God vents his anger. At that time God will reveal that his decisions are fair. 6 He will pay all people back for what they have done. 7 He will give everlasting life to those who search for glory, honor, and immortality by persisting in doing what is good. But he will bring 8 anger and fury on those who, in selfish pride, refuse to believe the truth and who follow what is wrong. 9 There will be suffering and distress for every person who does evil, for Jews first and Greeks as well. 10 But there will be glory, honor, and peace for every person who does what is good, for Jews first and Greeks as well. 11 God does not play favorites.

12 Here's the reason: Whoever sins without having the laws in Moses' Teachings will still be condemned to destruction. And whoever has these laws from God and sins will still be judged by them. 13 People who merely listen to the laws in Moses' Teachings don't have God's approval. Rather, people who do what those laws demand will have God's approval.

God Will Judge People Who Are Not Jewish 14 For example, whenever non-Jews who don't have the laws in Moses' Teachings do by nature the things that those laws contain, they are a law to themselves even though they don't have any of those laws. 15 They show that some requirements found in Moses' Teachings are written in their hearts. Their consciences speak to them. Their thoughts accuse them on one occasion and defend them on another. 16 This happens as they face the day when God, through Christ Yeshua , will judge people's secret thoughts. He will use the Good News that I am spreading to make that judgment.

God Will Judge Jewish People 17 You call yourself a Jew, rely on the laws in Moses' Teachings, brag about your God, 18 know what he wants, and distinguish right from wrong because you have been taught Moses' Teachings. 19 You are confident that you are a guide for the blind, a light to those in the dark, 20 an instructor of ignorant people, and a teacher of children because you have the full content of knowledge and truth in Moses' Teachings. 21 As you teach others, are you failing to teach yourself? As you preach against stealing, are you stealing? 22 As you tell others not to commit adultery, are you committing adultery? As you treat idols with disgust, are you robbing temples? 23 As you brag about the laws in Moses' Teachings, are you dishonoring God by ignoring those laws? 24 As Scripture says, "God's name is cursed among the nations because of you."

25 For example, circumcision is valuable if you follow the laws in Moses' Teachings. If you don't follow those laws, your circumcision amounts to uncircumcision. 26 So if a man does what those laws demand, won't he be considered circumcised even if he is uncircumcised? 27 The uncircumcised man who carries out what those laws say will condemn you for not following them. He will condemn you in spite of the fact that you are circumcised and have those laws in writing. 28 A person is not a Jew because of his appearance, nor is circumcision a matter of how the body looks. 29 Rather, a person is a Jew inwardly, and circumcision is something that happens in a person's heart. Circumcision is spiritual, not just a written rule. That person's praise will come from God, not from people.

Everyone Is a Sinner 3 1 Is there any advantage, then, in being a Jew? Or is there any value in being circumcised? 2 There are all kinds of advantages. First of all, God entrusted them with his word.