In a letter from Indonesia: Kirsten Scharnberg and Kim Barker, Chicago Tribune Tribune, March 25, 2007.

Obama admits, "I probably": Austin Murphy, "Obama Discusses His Hoops Memories at Punahou High," Sports Ill.u.s.trated Sports Ill.u.s.trated, May 21, 2008.

"Junkie. Pothead": Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 93.

"At best, these things were a refuge": Ibid., p. 85.

Like Stanley, Frank Marshall Davis: Davis, Livin' the Blues Livin' the Blues, p. 3.

In his memoir, Livin' the Blues Livin' the Blues: Ibid., p. 7.

In 1948, Paul Robeson came to Hawaii: Honolulu Star-Bulletin Star-Bulletin, March 22, 1948.

"I am not too fond": Davis, Livin' the Blues Livin' the Blues, p. xv.

Some of his "fellow freedom fighters": Ibid., p. 311.

"Virtually from the start": Ibid., p. 312.

"A preacher's daughter": Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 90.

"He's basically a good man": Ibid.

Chapter Three: n.o.body Knows My Name.

As he put it, "The more": Ibid., p. 100.

"I smoke like this because I want": Scott Helman, Boston Globe Globe, August 25, 2008.

"Moment: Freshman year at Oxy": Phil Boerner's Diary, March 15, 1983.

There were very few black students: Sue Paterno, The Occidental The Occidental, February 1, 1991.

"And you could count the black faculty": Ibid.

The college's weekly newspaper: The Occidental The Occidental, January 1981.

"I want to get into public service": Adam Goldman and Robert Tanner, a.s.sociated Press, May 15, 2008.

During the Presidential campaign: Kerry Eleveld, The Advocate The Advocate, April 2008.

It was, as Margot Mifflin recalled: Margot Mifflin, New York Times Times, January 18, 2009.

Obama was to open the rally: Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 106.

Ngubeni, who, as a student in South Africa: Anthony Russo, The Occidental The Occidental, February 20, 1981.

"After the rally, a pair of folk singers": Margot Mifflin, New Y York Times Times, January 18, 2009.

"I was on the outside again": Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 107.

"I was concerned with urban issues": Linda Matchan, Boston Globe Globe, February 15, 1990.

"When I transferred, I decided": Shira Boss-Bicak, Columbia College Today Columbia College Today, January 2005.

Obama often fasted on Sundays: Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 120.

"We didn't have a chance in h.e.l.l": Adam Goldman and Robert Tanner, a.s.sociated Press, May 15, 2008.

Many years later, as a way of warding off the press: Ibid.

On the night of November 24, 1982: Jon Meacham, "On His Own," Newsweek Newsweek, September 1, 2008.

"He couldn't cope," said Obama's sister: Senator Obama Goes to Africa Senator Obama Goes to Africa, directed by Bob Hercules, 2007.

"At the time of his death": Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 5.

In March, 1983: Barack Obama, "Breaking the War Mentality," Sundial Sundial, March 10, 1983.

In his early twenties: Obama, Dreams from My Father Dreams from My Father, p. 134.

"That was my idea of organizing": Ibid.

He had a young idealist's disdain: Ibid., p. 136.

"I said he needed to realize": Sasha Issenberg, Boston Globe Globe, August 6, 2008.

In early 1985: Obama, The Audacity of Hope The Audacity of Hope, p. 42.

"It embodied the notion": Ibid.

Chapter Four: Black Metropolis.

In June and July: Bernstein, A Woman in Charge A Woman in Charge, p. 54.

Then, as a pro-Rockefeller volunteer: Ibid., p. 55.

Finally, she spent a few weeks: Ibid., p. 56.

"People were crushed and demoralized": Saul Alinksy interview, Playboy Playboy, March 1972.

He arranged sit-ins: Ibid.

Such an endors.e.m.e.nt: Ibid.

"s.h.i.t," Alinsky said: Ibid.

In 1964, he threatened Mayor Daley: Ibid.

And when Alinsky was working: Ibid.

When an interviewer asked: Ibid.

"Right now they're frozen": Ibid.

At sixteen, Alinsky himself: Ibid.

"I was their one-man student body": Ibid.

In the late nineteen-fifties: Ibid.

She wrote of Alinsky: Hillary Rodham Clinton, "There Is Only the Fight," senior thesis, Wellesley College, p. 6.

"In spite of his being featured": Ibid., p. 74.

"Keeping in mind that": Ibid., appendix.

In the endnotes: Ibid.

African-Americans have lived: Drake and Cayton, Black Metropolis Black Metropolis, p. 31.

Until the Civil War: Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh American Pharaoh, p. 30.

"Turn a deaf ear to everybody": Drake and Cayton, Black Metropolis Black Metropolis, p. 59.

John (Mushmouth) Johnson: Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 38.

Still, many whites in Chicago: Drake and Cayton, Black Metropolis Black Metropolis, p. 64.

One of the major white real-estate: Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 66 The August 2nd issue: Hofstadter and Wallace, American Violence American Violence, p. 246.

That summer, the Jamaican-born poet: McKay, The Complete Poems The Complete Poems, p. 177.

"Every colored man who moves": The Property Owner's Journal The Property Owner's Journal, January 1, 1920.

During his political races: Drake and Cayton, Black Metropolis Black Metropolis, p. 347.

And, in 1960: Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh American Pharaoh, p. 95.

Richard Wright, who had come North: Drake and Cayton, Black Metropolis Black Metropolis, p. xvii.

When, in 1951: Lemann, The Promised Land The Promised Land, p. 74.

Furious with City Hall's a.s.sault: Ibid. p. 77.

Studs Terkel once said of Daley: Rakove, Don't Make No Waves ... Don't Back No Losers Don't Make No Waves ... Don't Back No Losers, p. 16.

When a young man from South Carolina: Lemann, The Promised Land The Promised Land, p. 91.

"Whenever I would raise a point": Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 236.

Despres recalls Holman once telling Daley: Ibid.

"A good legitimate Negro": Ibid., p. 318.

At a downtown rally in 1965: Ibid., p. 341.

At first, King's a.s.sociate: Hampton and Fayer, Voices of Freedom Voices of Freedom, p. 302.

Dorothy Tillman, who came to town: Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 346.

"If anything they were more zealous": Abernathy, And the Walls Came Tumbling Down And the Walls Came Tumbling Down, p. 373.

"I have never seen such hopelessness": Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 347.

"Yes, we are tired": Martin Luther King, Jr., Soldier Field, Chicago, Illinois, July 10, 1966.

"I've never seen anything like it": Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 386.

"I'd never seen whites like these": Hampton and Fayer, Voices of Freedom Voices of Freedom, p. 312.

"Like Herod, Richard Daley was a fox": Abernathy, And the Walls Came Tumbling Down And the Walls Came Tumbling Down, p. 395.

Chicago, David Halberstam wrote: David Halberstam, "Notes From the Bottom of the Mountain," Harpers Harpers, June 1968.

At a press conference: Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh American Pharaoh, p. 455.

When King came to Chicago: Garrow, Bearing the Cross Bearing the Cross, p. 444.

Metcalfe asked Daley: R. W. Apple, Jr., New York Times Times, May 10, 1972.

"What Daley did was smother King": Chicago Sun-Times Sun-Times, January 19, 1986.

"I'm sick and tired": Travis, An Autobiography of Black Politics An Autobiography of Black Politics, p. 572.

The ad said that the black church: Ibid., p. 582.