GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

The tribes of this family occupy Queen Charlotte Islands, Forrester Island to the north of the latter, and the southeastern part of Prince of Wales Island, the latter part having been ascertained by the agents of the Tenth Census.[96]

[Footnote 96: See Petroff map of Alaska, 1880-81.]

PRINc.i.p.aL TRIBES.

The following is a list of the princ.i.p.al villages:

Haida: Kaigani: Aseguang. Chatcheeni.

c.u.mshawa. Clicka.s.s.

Kayung. Howakan.

Kung. Quiahanless.

Kun?it. Shakan.

Ma.s.sett.

New Gold Harbor.

Skedan.

Skiteiget.

Tanu.

Tartanee.

Uttewas.

_Population._--The population of the Haida is 2,500, none of whom are at present under an agent.

TAKILMAN FAMILY.

= Takilma, Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 1882 (Lower Rogue River).

This name was proposed by Mr. Gatschet for a distinct language spoken on the coast of Oregon about the lower Rogue River. Mr. Dorsey obtained a vocabulary in 1884 which he has compared with Athapascan, Kusan, Yakonan, and other languages spoken in the region without finding any marked resemblances. The family is hence admitted provisionally. The language appears to be spoken by but a single tribe, although there is a ma.n.u.script vocabulary in the Bureau of Ethnology exhibiting certain differences which may be dialectic.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

The Takilma formerly dwelt in villages along upper Rogue River, Oregon, all the latter, with one exception, being on the south side, from Illinois River on the southwest, to Deep Rock, which was nearer the head of the stream. They are now included among the Rogue River Indians, and they reside to the number of twenty-seven on the Siletz Reservation, Tillamook County, Oregon, where Dorsey found them in 1884.

TAOAN FAMILY.

> Tay-waugh, Lane (1854) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, V. 689, 1855 (Pueblos of San Juan, Santa Clara, Pojuaque, Nambe. San Il de Conso, and one Moqui pueblo). Keane, App. Stanfords Comp. (Cent, and So.

Am.), 479, 1878.

> Tao, Powell in Rocky Mountain Presbyterian, Nov., 1878 (includes Sandia, Twa, San Ildefonso, San Juan, Santa Clara, Pojoaque, Namb, Tesuque, Sinec, Jemez, Taos, Picuri).

> Tegna, Keane, App. Stanfords Comp. (Cent, and So. Am.), 479, 1878 (includes S. Juan, Sta. Clara, Pojuaque, Nambe, Tesugue, S. Ildefonso, Haro).

= Twan, Powell in Am. Nat., 605, Aug., 1880 (makes five divisions: 1.

Tao (Isleta, Isleta near El Paso, Sanda); 2. Taos (Taos, Picuni); 3.

Jemes (Jemes); 4. Tewa or Tehua (San Ildefonso, San Juan, Pojoaque, Nambe, Tesuque, Santa Clara, and one Moki pueblo); 5. Piro).

> E-nagh-magh, Lane (1854) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, V, 689, 1855 (includes Taos, Vicuris, Zesuqua, Sandia, Ystete, and two pueblos near El Paso, Texas). Keane, App. Stanfords Comp. (Cent, and So. Am.), 479, 1878 (follows Lane, but identifies Texan pueblos with Lentis? and Socorro?).

> Picori, Keane, App. Stanfords Comp. (Cent, and So. Am.), 479, 1878 (or Enaghmagh).

= Stock of Rio Grande Pueblos, Gatschet in U.S. Geog. Surv. W. 100th M., vii, 415, 1879.

= Rio Grande Pueblo, Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 258, 1882.

Derivation: Probably from tanin, plural of t-ide, Indian, in the dialect of Isleta and Sandia (Gatschet).

In a letter[97] from Wm. Carr Lane to H. R. Schoolcraft, appear some remarks on the affinities of the Pueblo languages, based in large part on hearsay evidence. No vocabularies are given, nor does any real cla.s.sification appear to be attempted, though referring to such of his remarks as apply in the present connection, Lane states that the Indians of Taos, Vicuris, Zesuqua, Sandia, and Ystete, and of two pueblos of Texas, near El Paso, are said to speak the same language, which I have heard called E-nagh-magh, and that the Indians of San Juan, Santa Clara, Pojuaque, Nambe, San Il de Conso, and one Moqui pueblo, all speak the same language, as it is said: this I have heard called Tay-waugh.

The ambiguous nature of his reference to these pueblos is apparent from the above quotation.

[Footnote 97: Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes, 1855, vol. 5, p. 689.]

The names given by Lane as those he had heard applied to certain groups of pueblos which it is said speak the same language, rest on too slender a basis for serious consideration in a cla.s.sificatory sense.

Keane in the appendix to Stanfords Compendium (Central and South America), 1878, p. 479, presents the list given by Lane, correcting his spelling in some cases and adding the name of the Tusayan pueblo as Haro (Hano). He gives the group no formal family name, though they are cla.s.sed together as speaking Tegua or Tay-waugh.

The Tao of Powell (1878), as quoted, appears to be the first name formally given the family, and is therefore accepted. Recent investigations of the dialect spoken at Taos and some of the other pueblos of this group show a considerable body of words having Shoshonean affinities, and it is by no means improbable that further research will result in proving the radical relationship of these languages to the Shoshonean family. The a.n.a.lysis of the language has not yet, however, proceeded far enough to warrant a decided opinion.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

The tribes of this family in the United States resided exclusively upon the Rio Grande and its tributary valleys from about 33 to about 36.

A small body of these people joined the Tusayan in northern Arizona, as tradition avers to a.s.sist the latter against attacks by the Apache--though it seems more probable that they fled from the Rio Grande during the pueblo revolt of 1680--and remained to found the permanent pueblo of Hano, the seventh pueblo of the group. A smaller section of the family lived upon the Rio Grande in Mexico and Texas, just over the New Mexico border.

_Population._--The following pueblos are included in the family, with a total population of about 3,237:

Hano (of the Tusayan group) 132 Isleta (New Mexico) 1,059 Isleta (Texas) few Jemez 428 Namb 79 Picuris 100 Pojoaque 20 Sandia 140 San Ildefonso 148 San Juan 406 Santa Clara 225 Senec (below El Paso) few Taos 409 Tesuque 91

TIMUQUANAN FAMILY.

= Timuquana, Smith in Hist. Magazine, II, 1, 1858 (a notice of the language with vocabulary; distinctness of the language affirmed).

Brinton. Floridian Peninsula, 134, 1859 (spelled also Timuaca, Timagoa, Timuqua).

= Timucua, Gatschet in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., XVI, April 6, 1877 (from Cape Caaveral to mouth of St. Johns River). Gatschet, Creek Mig.

Legend I, 11-13, 1884. Gatschet in Science, 413, April 29, 1887.

= Atimuca, Gatschet in Science, ibid, (proper name).