46 CIVILIZED: CIVILIZED: Balfour, Balfour, DNB DNB.

47 GUARANTEE OF: GUARANTEE OF: W to E, 26 Feb. 1902, RA VIC/MAIN/X/37/55. W to E, 26 Feb. 1902, RA VIC/MAIN/X/37/55.

48 THANK G.o.d: THANK G.o.d: 1 June 1902, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 1 June 1902, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

49 AN ESTIMATED 75,000 DEAD: AN ESTIMATED 75,000 DEAD: Estimates for casualties for the Boer War (and other wars of the time) vary enormously; my figures are from Hobsbawm, p. 306, Ferguson, Estimates for casualties for the Boer War (and other wars of the time) vary enormously; my figures are from Hobsbawm, p. 306, Ferguson, Empire Empire, p. 280, and T. Pakenham, The Boer War The Boer War, London, Weidenfeld, 1979.

50 A A NEW NEW, CRUDE: History of the Times History of the Times, 3, pp. 36668.

51 SETTLED DISLIKE: SETTLED DISLIKE: Neilson, p. 67. Neilson, p. 67.

52 AS HEARTY ... THE DEVIL: AS HEARTY ... THE DEVIL: 1 June 1902, Lee, 2, pp. 145, 153. 1 June 1902, Lee, 2, pp. 145, 153.

53 2,201 PHEASANTS: 2,201 PHEASANTS: 12 Nov. 1902, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 12 Nov. 1902, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

54 HE MADE HIMSELF: HE MADE HIMSELF: G to N, 30 Dec. 1902, GARF 601/1/1219. G to N, 30 Dec. 1902, GARF 601/1/1219.

55 THANK G.o.d HE'S: THANK G.o.d HE'S: Eckhardstein, p. 245. Eckhardstein, p. 245.

56 WITH SUCH BRUTAL FRANKNESS: WITH SUCH BRUTAL FRANKNESS: 3 Feb. 1903, RA VIC/MAIN/W/43/49. 3 Feb. 1903, RA VIC/MAIN/W/43/49.

57 WE SHOULD REMEMBER: WE SHOULD REMEMBER: Lascelles to Knollys, 20 March 1903, RA VIC/MAIN/W/43/63. Lascelles to Knollys, 20 March 1903, RA VIC/MAIN/W/43/63.

58 THERE IS A: THERE IS A: Kennedy, Kennedy, The Rise The Rise, p. 230.

59 IN GOOD SPIRITS: IN GOOD SPIRITS: N to Minny, 2 [OS]/15 Sept. 1901, Bing, p. 151. N to Minny, 2 [OS]/15 Sept. 1901, Bing, p. 151.

60 ALWAYS FIGHT: ALWAYS FIGHT: Bulow to FO, 14 Sept. 1901, Bulow to FO, 14 Sept. 1901, GP GP, 18, pp. 2429.

61 THE POLITEST MAN: THE POLITEST MAN: Hardinge, p. 108. Hardinge, p. 108.

62 WITTE'S MAN: WITTE'S MAN: Izvolsky, p. 29. Izvolsky, p. 29.

63 BETWEEN PEOPLES WITH: BETWEEN PEOPLES WITH: 19 July [OS]/1 Aug. 1901, Geyer, p. 166. 19 July [OS]/1 Aug. 1901, Geyer, p. 166.

64 A THOROUGH ... A COMPLETE WRECK: A THOROUGH ... A COMPLETE WRECK: Mossolov, p. 204. Mossolov, p. 204.

65 THOUGH HE APPARENTLY: THOUGH HE APPARENTLY: Bulow, 1, p. 541. Bulow, 1, p. 541.

66 BE FRIENDLY AND: BE FRIENDLY AND: A to N, 22 July 1902, Maylunas, p. 216. A to N, 22 July 1902, Maylunas, p. 216.

67 THE ADMIRAL OF: THE ADMIRAL OF: Bulow, 1, p. 573. Bulow, 1, p. 573.

68 HE'S RAVING: HE'S RAVING: Mossolov, p. 203. Mossolov, p. 203.

69 I WILL ARRANGE EVERYTHING: I WILL ARRANGE EVERYTHING: Bulow to W, 11 July 1902, Bulow to W, 11 July 1902, GP GP, 18(i), p. 55.

70 IT IS ONE OF: IT IS ONE OF: Mossolov, p. 246. Mossolov, p. 246.

71 I AM SO SORRY: I AM SO SORRY: G to N, 3 Jan. 1902, GARF 601/1/1219. G to N, 3 Jan. 1902, GARF 601/1/1219.

72 MORE AND MORE: MORE AND MORE: Mackenzie Wallace, 10 Nov. 1903, RA VIC/W/43/149. Mackenzie Wallace, 10 Nov. 1903, RA VIC/W/43/149.

73 RUSSIA OUGHT NOT ... CHANGE: RUSSIA OUGHT NOT ... CHANGE: Mackenzie Wallace to Knollys, 1 Sept. 1903, RA VIC/MAIN/W/43/121. Mackenzie Wallace to Knollys, 1 Sept. 1903, RA VIC/MAIN/W/43/121.

74 AN UNBECOMING: AN UNBECOMING: Hardinge, Hardinge, DNB DNB.

75 MADE ALL THE: MADE ALL THE: F. Ponsonby, F. Ponsonby, My Recollections My Recollections, p. 159.

76 THE KING, HOWEVER: THE KING, HOWEVER: See Cambon, 22 Dec. 1920, See Cambon, 22 Dec. 1920, The Times The Times.

77 MOST OF THE ... HISTORY: MOST OF THE ... HISTORY: F. Ponsonby, F. Ponsonby, My Recollections My Recollections, pp. 154, 170.

78 YOUR PRESENCE IN: YOUR PRESENCE IN: Heffer, p. 188. Heffer, p. 188.

79 I CAN STILL: I CAN STILL: Vorres, p. 88. Vorres, p. 88.

80 HE HAD TO: HE HAD TO: Bulow, 7 Nov. 1903, Bulow, 7 Nov. 1903, GP GP, 18(i), no. 5422, p. 71.

81 DEMOCRATIC COUNTRIES: DEMOCRATIC COUNTRIES: W to N, 19 Nov. 1903, Grant, p. 99. W to N, 19 Nov. 1903, Grant, p. 99.

82 REGARDED WITH: REGARDED WITH: Osten-Sacken, 15 [OS)/28 April 1904, GARF 601/1/703. Osten-Sacken, 15 [OS)/28 April 1904, GARF 601/1/703.

83 THE FOREIGN SECRETARY RESENTED: THE FOREIGN SECRETARY RESENTED: F. Ponsonby, F. Ponsonby, My Recollections My Recollections, p. 128.

84 SO FAR AS I: SO FAR AS I: Young, p. 202. Young, p. 202.

85 LONG SUSTAINED DISCUSSION: LONG SUSTAINED DISCUSSION: Grey, p. 206. Grey, p. 206.

11 UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES 19045 1 CHINA, TIBET, AFGHANISTAN: CHINA, TIBET, AFGHANISTAN: Geyer, p. 190. Geyer, p. 190.

2 FROM A FRENCH BROTHEL: FROM A FRENCH BROTHEL: Figes, Figes, A People's A People's, p. 169.

3 ACCORDING TO EDWARD VII: ACCORDING TO EDWARD VII: Bulow, 2, p. 28. Bulow, 2, p. 28.

4 LITTLE SHORT-TAILED: LITTLE SHORT-TAILED: Lincoln, p. 640. Lincoln, p. 640.

5 ABSOLUTELY INDIFFERENT: ABSOLUTELY INDIFFERENT: Hardinge to Knollys, 25 May 1906, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/103. Hardinge to Knollys, 25 May 1906, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/103.

6 ZHIDS: ZHIDS: Witte, p. 189. Witte, p. 189.

7 BRITISH-BUILT: BRITISH-BUILT: Alexander Mikhailovich, p. 217. Alexander Mikhailovich, p. 217.

8 THE j.a.pANESE: THE j.a.pANESE: W to N, 9 Jan. 1904, Grant, p. 106. W to N, 9 Jan. 1904, Grant, p. 106.

9 TO US ... TO US ...: W to N, 3 Jan. 1904, ibid., p. 105.

10 NOTHING COULD BE: NOTHING COULD BE: Neilson, p. 239. Neilson, p. 239.

11 A PERSONAL MESSAGE: A PERSONAL MESSAGE: Lansdowne to Edward, 18 Feb. 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/34. Lansdowne to Edward, 18 Feb. 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/34.

12 THE ENTENTE CORDIALE: THE ENTENTE CORDIALE: See Cecil, See Cecil, Wilhelm Wilhelm, 2, p. 389, n. 7.

13 GERMAN TARIFFS: GERMAN TARIFFS: Geyer, p. 168. Geyer, p. 168.

14 THE KING EXPRESSED ... HIS MAJESTY: THE KING EXPRESSED ... HIS MAJESTY: Lee, 2, p. 285. Lee, 2, p. 285.

15 A MAN OF ... EARNEST DESIRE: A MAN OF ... EARNEST DESIRE: E to N, 12 May 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/95. E to N, 12 May 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/95.

16 I AM LOOKED UPON: I AM LOOKED UPON: Hardinge to Knollys, 25 May 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/103. Hardinge to Knollys, 25 May 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/44/103.

17 AN INTRUDER HIDING: AN INTRUDER HIDING: Hardinge to Knollys, 19 Sept. 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/45/88. Hardinge to Knollys, 19 Sept. 1904, RA VIC/MAIN/W/45/88.

18 I APPROVE: I APPROVE: Patrick French, Patrick French, Younghusband Younghusband, 1994, p. 253.

19 EDWARD'S OVERTURES: EDWARD'S OVERTURES: See Alvensleben to Bulow, 11 May 1904, See Alvensleben to Bulow, 11 May 1904, GP GP, 19(i); see also W note on Bernstorff to Bulow, 5 May 1904, England, Nr 81 Nr 1, Bd 12, Geheimes Staatsarchiv.

20 IT COULDN'T: IT COULDN'T: Bulow to W, Bulow to W, GP GP, 20(i), p. 24, no. 6379.

21 THE IMPORTANCE: THE IMPORTANCE: Zedlitz-Trutzschler, 21 July 1904, p. 80. Zedlitz-Trutzschler, 21 July 1904, p. 80.

22 A WHOLE TROOP OF: A WHOLE TROOP OF: Bulow, 2, p. 23. Bulow, 2, p. 23.

23 HARDLY ABLE ... OVERESTIMATED: HARDLY ABLE ... OVERESTIMATED: Zedlitz-Trutzschler, pp. 8081. Zedlitz-Trutzschler, pp. 8081.

24 A UNIVERSAL NECESSITY ... GREAT POWERS: A UNIVERSAL NECESSITY ... GREAT POWERS: Bulow, 2, p. 27. Bulow, 2, p. 27.

25 HE IS VERY LIVELY: HE IS VERY LIVELY: 28 June 1904, Lee, 2, p. 295. 28 June 1904, Lee, 2, p. 295.

26 EVERYONE IS: EVERYONE IS: Zedlitz-Trutzschler, 21 June 1904, p. 80. Zedlitz-Trutzschler, 21 June 1904, p. 80.

27 A BRAVE, CHIVALROUS ... SMALLEST BOAT: A BRAVE, CHIVALROUS ... SMALLEST BOAT: Bulow, 2, pp. 2528, 23. Bulow, 2, pp. 2528, 23.

28 BEEN GREETED BY: BEEN GREETED BY: Marder, p. 477. Marder, p. 477.

29 THERE AWOKE IN ME ... AN INVASION: THERE AWOKE IN ME ... AN INVASION: Bulow, 2, pp. 30, 26. Bulow, 2, pp. 30, 26.

30 MERE APOLOGIES ... PAINFUL IMPRESSION: MERE APOLOGIES ... PAINFUL IMPRESSION: Lee, 2, p. 302. Lee, 2, p. 302.

31 THESE SUSPICIONS: THESE SUSPICIONS: Kokovtsov, p. 46. Kokovtsov, p. 46.

32 LURING: LURING: N to E, 24 Oct. 1904, Lee, 2, p. 301. N to E, 24 Oct. 1904, Lee, 2, p. 301.

33 ENGLISH PERFIDY ... TO ME: ENGLISH PERFIDY ... TO ME: Hardinge, p. 108. Hardinge, p. 108.

34 IF THEY IMAGINED: IF THEY IMAGINED: G to E, 24 Oct. 1904, Nicolson, G to E, 24 Oct. 1904, Nicolson, King George King George, p. 83.

35 THE ENGLISH ARE: THE ENGLISH ARE: N to Minny, 13 [OS]/26 Oct. 1904, Bing, p. 178. N to Minny, 13 [OS]/26 Oct. 1904, Bing, p. 178.

36 STRONGLY DEPRECATE: STRONGLY DEPRECATE: Lee, 2, pp. 3034. Lee, 2, pp. 3034.

37 I HAVE NO WORDS: I HAVE NO WORDS: N to W, 16 [OS]/28 Oct. 1904, GARF 601/1/1200. N to W, 16 [OS]/28 Oct. 1904, GARF 601/1/1200.

38 PRIVATE SOURCE ... INCENDIARIES: PRIVATE SOURCE ... INCENDIARIES: W to N, 30 Oct. 1904, Grant, p. 139. W to N, 30 Oct. 1904, Grant, p. 139.

39 NOT BEING: NOT BEING: W to N, 21 Dec. 1904, ibid., p. 151. W to N, 21 Dec. 1904, ibid., p. 151.

40 DIRECT PROVOCATION: DIRECT PROVOCATION: 17 Nov. 1904, ibid., p. 142. 17 Nov. 1904, ibid., p. 142.

41 URGENT a.s.sURANCES: URGENT a.s.sURANCES: See N to W, 28 Nov. [OS]/11 Dec. 1904, GARF 601/1/1200. See N to W, 28 Nov. [OS]/11 Dec. 1904, GARF 601/1/1200.

42 CONVINCED THAT IT IS: CONVINCED THAT IT IS: 21 Nov. 1904, Zedlitz-Trutzschler, p. 106. 21 Nov. 1904, Zedlitz-Trutzschler, p. 106.

43 ABSOLUTELY APPRISED: ABSOLUTELY APPRISED: Bulow, 2, p. 83. Bulow, 2, p. 83.

44 THE EMPEROR HAS OFTEN: THE EMPEROR HAS OFTEN: Zedlitz-Trutzschler, p. 161. Zedlitz-Trutzschler, p. 161.

45 EDWARD TOLD: EDWARD TOLD: See Cambon, 17 Nov. 1904, See Cambon, 17 Nov. 1904, DDF DDF, 2.5, p. 535.

46 THE RUSSIAN BALTIC FLEET: THE RUSSIAN BALTIC FLEET: 7 Dec. 1904, Zedlitz-Trutzschler, p. 109. 7 Dec. 1904, Zedlitz-Trutzschler, p. 109.

47 THAT IS BEGINNING: THAT IS BEGINNING: 29 June 1905, Maylunas, p. 278. 29 June 1905, Maylunas, p. 278.

48 A TERRIBLE AND: A TERRIBLE AND: 21 Dec. 1904, Nicholas II, 21 Dec. 1904, Nicholas II, Journal Journal, p. 197.

49 A TERRIBLE DAY: A TERRIBLE DAY: 9 Jan. 1905, ibid., p. 207. 9 Jan. 1905, ibid., p. 207.

50 INDISPUTABLE ... LOWER CLa.s.sES: INDISPUTABLE ... LOWER CLa.s.sES: Hardinge, pp. 11314. Hardinge, pp. 11314.

51 I AM GLAD: I AM GLAD: W to N, 6 Feb. 1905, Grant, p. 160. W to N, 6 Feb. 1905, Grant, p. 160.

52 SUCH AN APPEARANCE: SUCH AN APPEARANCE: W to N, 21 Feb. 1905, ibid., p. 171. W to N, 21 Feb. 1905, ibid., p. 171.

53 THE TRAITORS AND: THE TRAITORS AND: Nicholas II, Nicholas II, Journal Journal, p. 204.

54 THE TSAR VIEWED: THE TSAR VIEWED: Kokovtsov, p. 50. Kokovtsov, p. 50.

55 HE LETS EVERYTHING: HE LETS EVERYTHING: Figes, Figes, A People's A People's, p. 171.

56 I FEEL VERY ... WITH HAPPINESS: I FEEL VERY ... WITH HAPPINESS: Hardinge to Knollys, Feb. 1905, RA VIC/W/45/109. Hardinge to Knollys, Feb. 1905, RA VIC/W/45/109.

57 HER FIERCE STARE: HER FIERCE STARE: E. Morris, E. Morris, Theodor Rex Theodor Rex, p. 385.

58 ILLITERATE RUSSIAN: ILLITERATE RUSSIAN: Waters to Davidson, 7 May 1905, RA VIC/MAIN/X/19/32. Waters to Davidson, 7 May 1905, RA VIC/MAIN/X/19/32.

59 IT MAKES ME: IT MAKES ME: N to Minny, 19 Oct. [OS]/1 Nov. 1905, Bing, p. 187. N to Minny, 19 Oct. [OS]/1 Nov. 1905, Bing, p. 187.

60 ALL REPORTS SEEM: ALL REPORTS SEEM: Hardinge to Knollys, 6 June 1905, RA VIC/MAIN/W/46/36. Hardinge to Knollys, 6 June 1905, RA VIC/MAIN/W/46/36.